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Defense and National Security
-04/21/08   2008-2009 Presidential Transition: National Security Considerations and Options [265 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/04/06   9/11 Commission Recommendations: Implementation Status -- NEW!
-03/23/05   9/11 Commission Recommendations: The Senate Confirmation Process for Presidential Nominees -- Updated
-01/05/09   Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa
-08/22/08   Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa [544 Kb] -- Updated
-03/10/08   Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa [535 Kb] -- Updated
-01/06/09   Amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Set to Expire in 2009
-06/22/01   Arms Control after START II: Next Steps on the U.S.-Russian Agenda Updated.
-02/10/09   Arms Control and nonproliferation: A Catalog of Treaties and Agreements
-04/09/08   Arms Control and Nonproliferation: A Catalog of Treaties and Agreements [337 Kb] -- Updated
-05/14/08   American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics [165 Kb] -- Updated
-12/17/01   Arms Control and Strategic Nuclear Weapons: Unilateral vs. Bilateral Reductions
-06/09/05   Army Corps of Engineers Civil Works Program: Issues for the 109th Congress -- Updated
-05/12/08   Army's Future Combat System (FCS): Background and Issues for Congress [177 Kb] -- Updated
-05/30/08   The Army's M-4 Carbine: Background and Issues for Congress [74 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/08/05   Arrest and Detention of Material Witnesses: Federal Law in Brief and Section 12 of the USA PATRIOT and Terrorism Prevention Reauthorization Act (H.R. 3199) -- NEW!
-05/27/04   Authorization and Appropriations for FY2005: Defense -- Updated
-04/09/08   Avatars, Virtual Reality Technology, and the U.S. Military: Emerging Policy Issues [70 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/30/05   Aviation Security-Related Findings and Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission -- Updated
-02/07/05   Biometric Identifiers and Border Security: 9/11 Commission Recommendations and Related Issues -- Updated
-03/29/05   Border and Transportation Security: Possible New Directions and Policy Options -- NEW!
-03/29/05   Border and Transportation Security: Selected Programs and Policies -- NEW!
-03/29/05   Border and Transportation Security: The Complexity of the Challenge -- NEW!
-11/17/08   Border Searches of Laptop Computers and Other Electronic Storage Devices
-09/28/05   Border Security and the Southwest Border: Background, Legislation, and Issues -- NEW!
-01/02/04   Border Security and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles -- NEW!
-09/22/05   Border Security: Apprehensions of "Other Than Mexican" Aliens -- NEW!
-05/13/08   Border Security: Barriers Along the U.S. International Border [729 Kb] -- Updated
-01/08/08   Border Security: Barriers Along the U.S. International Border [705 Kb] -- Updated
-12/12/06   Border Security: Barriers Along the U.S. International Border -- Updated
-10/13/04   Border Security: Inspections Practices, Policies, and Issues -- Updated
-05/13/08   Border Security: Key Agencies and Their Missions [73 Kb] -- Updated
-05/09/05   Border Security: Key Agencies and Their Mission -- Updated
-05/10/05   Border Security: The Role of the U.S. Border Patrol -- Updated
-07/08/02   Border Security: U.S.-Canadian Border Issues NEW!
-09/08/08   Boumediene v. Bush: Guantanamo Detainees' Right to Habeas Corpus [113 Kb] -- Updated
-06/16/08   Boumediene v. Bush: Guantanamo Detainees' Right to Habeas Corpus [112 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/07/09   China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues
-10/08/08   China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress [616 Kb] -- Updated
-09/12/08   China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress [605 Kb] -- Updated
-04/16/08   China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress [546 Kb] -- Updated
-04/04/08   China's Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilites - Background and Issues for Congress [517 Kb] -- Updated
-02/03/05   The Civil Works Program of the Army Corps of Engineers: A Primer -- Updated
-01/22/09   Closing the Guantanamo Detention Center: Legal Issues
-01/28/09   Cluster Munitions: Background and Issues for Congress
-06/27/08   Cluster Munitions: Background and Issues for Congress [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/06/05   The Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA): Origin, Characteristics, and Institutional Authorities -- Updated
-03/31/05   Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction: Establishment and Composition -- Updated
-10/06/04   Comparison of 9/11 Commission Recommended Intelligence Reforms, S. 2845, S. 2774, H.R. 5024, Administration Proposal, H.R. 10, Current Law -- Updated
-01/28/04   Comparisons of U.S. and Foreign Military Spending: Data from Selected Public Sources -- NEW!
-01/28/09   Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments
-09/18/08   Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments [270 Kb] -- Updated
-05/28/08   Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments [266 Kb] -- Updated
-04/30/08   Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments [266 Kb] -- Updated
-02/28/08   Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Issues and Arguments [391 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/28/05   Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Pro and Con -- Updated
-02/26/08   Congressional Oversight and Related Issues Concerning the Prospective Security Agreement Between the United States and Iraq [244 Kb] -- Updated
-09/16/08   Congressional Oversight of Intelligence: Current Structure and Alternatives [190 Kb] -- Updated
-04/01/08   Congressional Oversight of Intelligence: Current Structure and Alternatives [181 Kb] -- Updated
-10/23/08   Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 2000-2007 [344 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/23/06   Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1998-2005 -- NEW!
-08/29/05   Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1997-2004 -- NEW!
-08/26/04   Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1996-2003 -- NEW!
-09/22/03   Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1995-2002 NEW!
-01/26/09   Conventional Warheads for Long-Range Ballistic Missiles: Background and Issues for Congress
-05/16/08   Conventional Warheads for Long-Range Ballistic Missiles: Background and Issues for Congress [204 Kb] -- Updated
-10/15/08   The Cost of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Other Global War on Terror Operations Since 9/11 [341 Kb] -- Updated
-07/14/08   The Cost of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Other Global War on Terror Operations since 9/11 [334 Kb] -- Updated
-06/23/08   The Cost of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Other Global War on Terror Operations Since 9/11 [329 Kb] -- Updated
-04/11/08   The Cost of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Other Global War on Terror Operations Since 9/11 [317 Kb] -- Updated
-03/14/05   The Cost of Operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Enhanced Security -- Updated
-07/24/08   Costs of Major U.S. Wars [69 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/01/08   Covert Action: Legislative Background and Possible Policy Questions
-01/28/08   Covert Action: Legislative Background and Possible Policy Questions [100 Kb] -- Updated
-11/02/06   Covert Action: Legislative Background and Possible Policy Questions -- NEW!
-02/22/05   Creating a National Framework for Cybersecurity: An Analysis of Issues and Options -- NEW!
-07/14/03   Critical Infrastructure: Control Systems and the Terrorist Threat -- Updated
-06/19/01   Critical Infrastructures: Background and Early Implementation of PDD-63. Updated.
-02/04/02   Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation Updated.
-08/30/02   Critical Infrastructures: What Makes an Infrastructure Critical? NEW!
-07/03/02   Cruise Missile Proliferation NEW!
-05/23/05   Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: A Chronology, FY1970-FY2006 -- Updated
-02/21/08   Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2008 [145 Kb] -- Updated
-03/29/02   Defense Budget for FY2003: Data Summary NEW!
-08/15/08   Defense Contracting in Iraq: Issues and Options for Congress [203 Kb] -- Updated
-06/18/08   Defense Contracting in Iraq: Issues and Options for Congress [190 Kb] -- Updated
-05/06/08   Defense Contracting in Iraq: Issues and Options for Congress -- Updated
-02/25/09   Defense: FY2009 Authorization and Appropriations
-10/06/08   Defense: FY2009 Authorization and Appropriations [376 Kb] -- Updated
-08/01/08   Defense: FY2009 Authorization and Appropriations [321 Kb] -- Updated
-06/18/08   Defense: FY2009 Authorization and Appropriations [258 Kb] -- Updated
-05/05/08   Defense: FY2009 Authorization and Appropriations [143 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/09/06   Defense Transformation: Background and Oversight Issues for Congress -- Updated
-07/23/08   Department of Defense Fuel Costs in Iraq [79 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/09/08   The Department of Defense Role in Foreign Assistance: Background, Major Issues, and Options for Congress
-08/25/08   The Department of Defense Role in Foreign Assistance: Background, Major Issues, and Options for Congress [496 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/07/08   Department of Defense "Section 1207" Security and Stabilization Assistance: A Fact Sheet [61 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/07/05   Detection of Explosives on Airline Passengers: Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission and Related Issues -- Updated
-02/11/05   The Director of National Intelligence and Intelligence Analysis -- Updated
-04/17/08   Director of National Intelligence Statutory Authorities: Status and Proposals [108 Kb] -- Updated
-01/18/08   Does the Army Need a Full-Spectrum Force or Specialized Units? Background and Issues for Congress [150 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/29/09   Enemy Combatant Detainees: Habeas Corpus Challenges in Federal Court
-09/10/08   Enemy Combatant Detainees: Habeas Corpus Challenges in Federal Court [333 Kb] -- Updated
-07/29/08   Enemy Combatant Detainees: Habeas Corpus Challenges in Federal Court [329 Kb] -- Updated
-03/12/08   Enlargement Issues at NATO's Bucharest Summit [708 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/05/04   Expanding Threat Reduction and Nonproliferation Programs: Concepts and Definitions -- NEW!
-08/04/04   FBI Intelligence Reform Since September 11, 2001: Issues and Options for Congress -- Updated
-11/07/01   Financing Issues and Economic Effects of Past American Wars
-08/05/04   First Responder Grant Formulas: The 9/11 Commission Recommendation and Other Options for Congressional Action -- Updated
-12/13/04   Fiscal Year 2005 Homeland Security Grant Program: State Allocations and Issues for Congressional Oversight -- NEW!
-12/20/06   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 110th Congress -- NEW!
-12/27/04   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 109th Congress -- NEW!
-01/03/03   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 108th Congress NEW!
-02/08/08   The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: A Brief Overview of Selected Issues [134 Kb] -- Updated
-07/07/08   The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of Selected Issues [153 Kb] -- Updated
-02/08/08   The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: Comparison of House-Passed H.R. 3773, S.2248 as Reported by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, and S. 2248 as Reported Out of the Senate Judiciary Committee [246 Kb] -- Updated
-06/12/08   The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: Comparison of the Senate Amendment to H.R. 3773 and the House Amendment to the Senate Amendement to H.R. 3773 [354 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/01/08   Foreign Investment and National Security: Economic Considerations
-04/17/08   Foreign Investment, CFIUS, and Homeland Security: An Overview [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/07/08   FY2009 Appropriations for State and Local Homeland Security [134 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/11/08   FY2009 Defense Budget: Issues for Congress [538 Kb] -- NEW!
-07/21/08   FY2009 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Policy Issues [142 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/01/05   FY2006 Appropriations for State and Local Homeland Security -- NEW!
-09/21/04   General Management Laws and the 9/11 Commission's Proposed Office of National Intelligence Director (NID) and National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) -- NEW!
-03/07/08   Georgia [Republic] and NATO Enlargement: Issues and Implications [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-07/21/08   German Foreign and Security Policy: Trends and Transatlantic Implications [272 Kb] -- Updated
-10/05/06   Globalization Cooperative Threat Reduction: A Survey of Options -- Updated
-07/16/08   The Global Nuclear Detection Architecture: Issues for Congress [216 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/08/08   The Gulf Security Dialogue and Related Arms Sale Proposals [134 Kb] -- Updated
-11/12/04   Homeland Security Advisory System: Possible Issues for Congressional Oversight -- Updated
-03/04/05   Homeland Security: Air Passenger Prescreening and Counterterrorism -- NEW!
-12/29/04   Homeland Security: Compendium of Recommendations Relevant to House Committee Organization and Analysis of Considerations for the House -- NEW!
-05/06/08   Homeland Security Department: FY2009 Request for Appropriations -- NEW!
-08/07/02   Homeland Security: Department Organization and Management Updated.
-08/27/04   Homeland Security: Department Organization and Management - Implementation Phase -- Updated
-02/10/05   Homeland Security: Establishment and Implementation of the United States Northern Command -- Updated
-11/16/06   Homeland Security: Evolving Roles and Missions for United States Northern Command -- Updated
-05/21/04   Homeland Security: Federal Assistance Funding and Business Opportunities -- Updated
-01/14/09   Homeland Security Intelligence: Perceptions, Statutory Definitions, and Approaches
-09/03/02   Homeland Security: Management Positions for the Proposed Department Updated.
-05/20/02   Homeland Security Office: Issues and Options NEW!
-02/24/05   Homeland Security Research and Development Funding, Organization, and Oversight -- Updated
-01/28/08   Homeland Security: Roles and Missions for United States Northern Command [97 Kb] -- NEW!
-08/26/02   Homeland Security: Side-by-Side Comparison of H.R. 5005 and S.2452, 107th Congress -- Updated
-10/10/01   Homeland Security: The Presidential Coordination Office.
-05/13/08   Homeland Security: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Border surveillance [72 Kb] -- Updated
-02/07/05   Homeland Security: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Border Surveillance -- Updated
-10/20/04   H.R. 10 (9/11 Recommendations Implementation Act) and S.2845 (National Intelligence Reform Act of 2004): A Comparative Analysis -- Updated
-09/25/06   Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures -- Updated
-11/23/05   Improvised Explosive Devices in Iraq: Effects and Countermeasures -- NEW!
-01/14/08   Instances of Use of United States Armed Forces Abroad, 1798-2007 [213 Kb] -- Updated
-12/03/02   Intelligence and Law Enforcement: Countering Transnational Threats to the U.S. Updated.
-02/24/09   Intelligence Authorization Legislation: Status and Challenges
-01/16/03   The Intelligence Community and 9/11: Congressional Hearings and the Status of the Investigation -- Updated
-11/06/02   The Intelligence Community and 9/11: Proposals for an Independent Commission -- Updated
-11/21/06   Intelligence Estimates: How Useful to Congress? -- NEW!
-01/09/09   Intelligence Issues for Congress
-04/01/08   Intelligence Issues for Congress [166 Kb] -- Updated
-02/20/02   Intelligence Issues for Congress -- Updated
-02/21/02   Intelligence to Counter Terrorism: Issues for Congress -- New!
-10/02/06   International Small Arms and Light Weapons Transfer: U.S. Policy -- Updated
-10/23/06   Interrogation of Detainees: Overview of the McCain Amendment -- Updated
-01/23/09   Interrogation of Detainees: Requirements of the Detainee Treatment Act
-01/29/09   Iraq: U.S. Casualties
-12/29/08   Iraq: U.S. Casualties
-10/31/08   Iraq: U.S. Casualties [50 Kb] -- Updated
-03/19/02   Japan-U.S. Cooperation on Ballistic Missile Defense: Issues and Prospects
-12/20/06   A Joint Committee on Intelligence and Alternatives: Proposals from the 9/11 Commission and Others -- Updated
-08/19/05   Libraries and the USA PATRIOT Act -- Updated
-01/21/09   Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe
-12/08/08   Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe
-09/03/08   Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe [159 Kb] -- Updated
-07/24/08   Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe [153 Kb] -- Updated
-06/13/08   Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe [151 Kb] -- Updated
-02/19/08   Long-Range Ballistic Missile Defense in Europe [137 Kb] -- Updated
-04/23/08   Major U.S. Arms Sales and Grants to Pakistan Since 2001 [38 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/03/08   The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and Federal Energy Technology R&D Programs: A Comparative Analysis [111 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/09/05   Military Base Closures: Implementing the 2005 Round -- Updated
-04/11/05   Military Base Closures: Role and Costs of Environmental Cleanup -- Updated
-03/21/05   Military Base Closures: The 2005 BRAC Commission -- Updated
-04/11/05   Military Construction in Support of Afghanistan and Iraq -- Memorandum
-05/26/04   Military Courts-Martial: An Overview -- NEW!
-09/23/04   Military Role in Space Control: A Primer -- NEW!
-09/29/06   Military Technology and Conventional Weapons Export Controls: The Wassenaar Arrangement -- Updated
-05/31/02   Military Transformation: Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Updated.
-07/09/04   Military Tribunals: Historical Patterns and Lessons -- NEW!
-03/26/02   Military Tribunals: The "Quirin" Precedent
-10/31/01   Missile Defense, Arms Control, and Deterrence: A New Strategic Framework
-07/19/05   Missile Defense: The Current Debate -- Updated
-10/17/03   Missile Proliferation and the Strategic Balance in South Asia NEW!
-07/26/05   Missile Survey: Ballistic and Cruise Missiles of Selected Foreign Countries -- Updated
-01/02/08   National Aviation Security Policy, Strategy, and Mode-Specific Plans: Background and Considerations for Congress [177 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/25/08   National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress
-05/19/08   The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress [152 Kb] -- Updated
-04/03/08   The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress [151 Kb] -- Updated
-11/21/06   The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center: Issues for Congress -- Updated
-11/13/06   National Emergency Powers -- Updated
-03/10/05   The National Preparedness System: Issues in the 109th Congress -- NEW!
-06/14/02   National Missile Defense: Russia's Reaction Updated.
-02/06/09   The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment
-12/05/08   The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment
-04/21/08   The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment -- Updated
-07/28/08   National Security Strategy: Legislative Mandates, Execution to Date, and Considerations for Congress [165 Kb] -- Updated
-05/28/08   National Security Strategy: Legislative Mandates, Execution to Date and Consideration for Congress [160 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/27/09   NATO Common Funds Burdensharing: Background and Current Issues
-05/05/03   NATO Enlargement Updated.
-10/06/08   NATO Enlargement: Albania, Croatia, and Possible Future Candidates [725 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/02/03   NATO Enlargement: Senate Advice and Consent Updated.
-10/23/08   NATO in Afghanistan: A Test of the Transatlantic Alliance [330 Kb] -- Updated
-05/06/08   NATO in Afghanistan: A Test of the Transatlantic Alliance [304 Kb] -- Updated
-01/07/08   NATO in Afghanistan: A Test of the Transatlantic Alliance [298 Kb] -- Updated
-05/05/03   NATO's Decision-Making Procedure Updated.
-07/22/08   NATO's Prague Capabilities Committment [73 Kb] -- Updated
-03/01/05   The NATO Summit at Prague, 2002 -- NEW!
-03/24/08   The NATO Summit in Bucharest, 2008 [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/11/08   Navy Role in Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) - Background and Issues for Congress [75 Kb] -- Updated
-03/03/08   Navy Role in Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) - Background and Issues for Congress [72 Kb] -- Updated
-06/02/04   Network Centric Warfare: Background and Oversight Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-03/07/08   The Next Generation Bomber: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress -- NEW!
-01/03/08   Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union [327 Kb] -- Updated
-01/28/09   Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons
-07/29/08   Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons [184 Kb] -- Updated
-01/16/08   Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons [181 Kb] -- Updated
-02/24/09   North Korean Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States
-01/24/08   North Korean Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States [72 Kb] -- Updated
-10/18/06   North Korean Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States -- Updated
-04/26/05   NPT Compliance: Issues and Views -- NEW!
-12/30/08   Nuclear Arms Control: The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty
-01/18/08   Nuclear Arms Control: The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty [174 Kb] -- Updated
-05/24/02   Nuclear Arms Control: The U.S.-Russian Agenda -- Updated
-02/20/08   Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons and Missiles: Status and Trends [192 Kb] -- Updated
-01/14/05   Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons and Missiles: Status and Trends -- Updated
-11/26/08   Nuclear Cooperation Agreement with Russia: Statutory Procedures for Congressional Consideration and Their Implementation
-08/21/08   Nuclear Cooperation Agreement with Russia: Statutory Procedures for Congressional Consideration and Their Implementation [167 Kb] -- Updated
-08/12/08   Nuclear Cooperation with Other Countries: A Primer [73 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/10/02   Nuclear Nonproliferation Issues -- Updated
-05/16/05   The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Review Conference: Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-01/31/02   Nuclear Posture Review: Overview and Emerging Issues
-01/31/02   Nuclear Powerplants: Vulnerability to Terrorist Attack
-06/09/05   Nuclear Testing and Comprehensive Test Ban: Chronology Starting September 1992 -- Updated
-03/20/02   Nuclear Weapons: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty -- Updated
-04/12/02   Nuclear Weapons in Russia: Safety, Security, and Control Issues -- Updated
-12/30/08   Nuclear Weapons in U.S. National Security Policy: Past, Present, and Prospects
-10/17/01   Operation Enduring Freedom: Foreign Pledges of Military & Intelligence Support. Updated.
-12/15/08   Operation Iraqi Freedom: Strategies, Approaches, Results, and Issues for Congress
-10/28/08   Operation Iraqi Freedom: Strategies, Approaches, Results, and Issues for Congress [800 Kb] -- Updated
-02/22/08   Operation Iraqi Freedom: Strategies, Approaches, Results, and Issues for Congress [639 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/19/08   Organizing for Homeland Security: The Homeland Security Council Reconsidered [69 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/16/08   Organizing the U.S. Government for National Security: Overview of the Interagency Reform Debates
-04/18/08   Organizing the U.S. Government for National Security: Overview of the Interagency Reform Debates [133 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/02/05   Overview and Analysis of Senate Amendment Concerning Interrogation of Detainees -- NEW!
-04/13/05   Peacekeeping and Conflict Transitions: Background and Congressional Action on Civilian Capabilities -- NEW!
-08/06/03   Peacekeeping: Issues of U.S. Military Involvement Updated
-09/18/08   Peacekeeping/Stabilization and Conflict Transitions: Background and Congressional Action on the Civilian Response/Reserve Corps and Other Civilian Stabilization and Reconstruction Capabilities [175 Kb] -- Updated
-02/05/04   Pipeline Security: An Overview of Federal Activities and Current Policy Issues -- Updated
-02/14/08   P.L. 110-55, the Protect America Act of 2007: Modifications to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [147 Kb] -- Updated
-03/30/04   Policing in Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations: Problems and Proposed Solutions -- Updated
-08/12/04   The Position of Director of National Intelligence: Issues for Congress -- Updated
-04/10/02   Preventing Proliferation of Biological Weapons: U.S. Assistance to the Former Soviet States NEW!
-08/25/08   Private Security Contractors in Iraq: Background, Legal Status, and Other Issues [326 Kb] -- Updated
-12/26/06   Proliferation Control Regimes: Background and Status -- Updated
-02/04/08   Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) [109 Kb] -- Updated
-01/16/08   Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) [109 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/24/04   Proposals for Intelligence Reorganization: 1949-2004 -- Updated
-10/05/04   The Proposed Authorities of a National Intelligence Director: Issues for Congress and Side-by-Side Comparison of S. 2845, H.R. 10, and Current Law -- Updated
-05/17/05   Protecting Our Perimeter: "Border Searches" Under the Fourth Amendment -- Updated
-04/01/08   The REAL ID Act of 2005: Legal, Regulatory, and Implementation Issues [209 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/12/08   The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program: Background and Current Developments [307 Kb] -- Updated
-07/23/08   The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program: Background and Current Developments [304 Kb] -- Updated
-01/22/09   Renditions: Constraints Imposed by Laws on Torture
-03/08/05   Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator Budget Request and Plan, FY2005-FY2009 -- NEW!
-05/09/05   The SAFE Acts of 2005: H.R. 1526 and S.737 - A Sketch -- NEW!
-06/27/08   Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues [183 Kb] -- Updated
-03/21/08   Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues -- NEW!
-11/21/08   Sea-Based Ballistic Missile Defense-Background and Issues for Congress
-09/02/08   Sea-Based Ballistic Missile Defense - Background and Issues for Congress [268 Kb] -- Updated
-05/30/08   Second FY2008 Supplemental Appropriations for Military Operations, International Affairs, and Other Purposes [350 Kb] -- Updated
-05/08/08   Second FY2008 Supplemental Appropriations for Military Operations, International Affairs, and Other Purposes [200 Kb] -- Updated
-04/15/08   Second FY2008 Supplemental Appropriations for Military Operations, International Affairs, and Other Purposes [158 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/25/08   Section 1206 of the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2006: A Fact Sheet on Department of Defense Authority to Train and Equip Foreign Military Forces
-05/15/08   Section 1206 of the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2006: A Fact Sheet on Department of Defense Authority to Train and Equip Foreign Military Forces [70 Kb] -- Updated
-05/09/05   Security and Freedom Ensured Act (SAFE Act) (H.R. 1526) and Security and Freedom Enhancement Act (SAFE Act) (S.737): Section by Section Analysis -- NEW!
-01/29/08   Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America: An Overview and Selected Issues [72 Kb] -- Updated
-03/25/05   Selected Federal Homeland Security Assistance Programs: A Summary -- NEW!
-06/09/04   Sensitive Security Information and Transportation Security: Issues and Congressional Options -- NEW!
-08/11/04   Side-by-Side Comparison of Intelligence Community Reforms Proposed by 9/11 Commission, the Bush Administration, Senators Feinstein, Graham and Daschle, and Respresentatives Harman and Goss; and Current Statute -- Memorandum
-10/15/01   Special Operations Forces in Operation Eduring Freedom: Background and Issues for Congress
-10/15/04   S.Res. 445: Senate Committee Reorganization for Homeland Security and Intelligence Matters -- NEW!
-06/09/05   State and Local Homeland Security: Unresolved Issues for the 109th Congress -- NEW!
-12/01/08   Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA): What Is It, and How Has It Been Utilized?
-06/16/08   Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA): What Is It, and How Might One Be Utilized in Iraq? [179 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/12/09   Strategic Arms Control after START: Issues and Options
-12/23/08   Strategic Arms Control after START: Issues and Options
-07/31/08   Suits Against Terrorist States by Victims of Terrorism [533 Kb] -- Updated
-12/11/01   Terrorism and the Law of War: Trying Terrorists as War Criminals before Military Commissions Updated.
-12/10/01   Terrorism: Section by Section Analysis of the USA PATRIOT Act Updated.
-01/28/09   Transportation Security: Issues for the 111th Congress
-04/11/02   Treatment of "Battlefield Detainees" in the War on Terrorism NEW!
-01/25/08   U.N. Convention Against Torture (CAT): Overview and Application to Interrogation Techniques [171 Kb] -- Updated
-04/15/02   The USA PATRIOT Act: A Legal Analysis NEW!
-04/07/05   The United Nations and "Gun Control" -- NEW!
-11/13/08   United Nations Peacekeeping: Issues for Congress
-01/30/08   United Nations Peacekeeping: Issues for Congress [248 Kb] -- Updated
-04/18/02   The USA PATRIOT Act: A Sketch NEW!
-08/09/05   USA PATRIOT Act: Background and Comparison of House-and Senate-Approved Reauthorization and Related Legislative Action -- NEW!
-08/10/05   USA PATRIOT Act Reauthorization in Brief -- NEW!
-07/15/05   USA PATRIOT Act Reauthorization Proposals and Related Matters in Brief -- NEW!
-06/29/05   USA PATRIOT Act Sunset: A Sketch -- Updated
-06/29/05   USA PATRIOT Act Sunset: Provisions that Expire on December 31, 2005 -- Updated
-12/21/06   USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005: A Legal Analysis -- Updated
-12/09/05   USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 (H.R. 3199): A Brief Look -- NEW!
-12/28/05   USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 (H.R.3199): A Side-by-Side Comparison of Existing Law, H.R. 3199 (Conference), and H.R. 3199 (Senate Passed) -- NEW!
-12/11/06   U.S. and Coalition Military Operations in Afghanistan: Issues for Congress -- Updated
-02/04/05   U.S. Anti-Terror Strategy and the 9/11 Commission Report -- Updated
-11/26/08   U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 2000-2007
-12/15/06   U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1998-2005 -- NEW!
-12/29/05   U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1997-2004 -- NEW!
-12/08/04   U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1996-2003 -- NEW!
-12/20/06   U.S. Army and Marine Corps Equipment Requirements: Background and Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-05/10/05   U.S.-China Military Contacts: Issues for Congress -- Updated
-07/15/08   U.S. Forces in Afghanistan [69 Kb] -- Updated
-05/09/08   U.S. Forces in Afghanistan [66 Kb] -- Updated
-07/24/08   U.S. Forces in Iraq [69 Kb] -- Updated
-05/08/08   U.S. Forces in Iraq [69 Kb] -- Updated
-04/07/08   U.S. Forces in Iraq [69 Kb] -- Updated
-01/23/08   U.S. Forces in Iraq [68 Kb] -- Updated
-11/13/06   U.S. Forces in Iraq -- Updated
-12/02/05   U.S. Intelligence and Policymaking: The Iraq Experience -- Updated
-07/11/08   U.S. - Iraq Strategic Framework and Status of Forces Agreement: Congressional Response [157 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/12/08   U.S.-Iraq Withdrawal/Status of Forces Agreement: Issues for Congressional Oversight
-04/26/05   U.S. Military and Iraqi Casualty Statistics: Additional Numbers and Explanations -- NEW!
-08/26/05   U.S. Military Operations in the Global War on Terrorism: Afghanistan, Africa, the Philippines, and Colombia -- NEW!
-11/16/04   U.S. Military Overseas Basing: Background and Oversight Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-01/08/09   U.S. Military Stop Loss Program
-10/17/08   U.S. Nuclear Cooperation with India: Issues for Congress [267 Kb] -- Updated
-07/30/08   U.S. Nuclear Cooperation with India: Issues for Congress [233 Kb] -- Updated
-04/23/08   U.S. Nuclear Cooperation with India: Issues for Congress [230 Kb] -- Updated
-02/12/08   U.S. Nuclear Cooperation with India: Issues for Congress [222 Kb] -- Updated
-01/23/08   U.S. Nuclear Weapons: Changes in Policy and Force Structure [286 Kb] -- Updated
-08/19/08   U.S. Periods of War [72 Kb] -- Updated
-06/26/08   U.S. - Russian Civilian Nuclear Cooperation Agreement: Issues for Congress [74 Kb] -- Updated
-07/31/08   The U.S. Secret Service: An Examination and Analysis of Its Evolving Missions [249 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/25/08   U.S. Special Operations Forces (SOF): Background and Issues for Congress [72 Kb] -- Updated
-02/23/09   U.S. Strategic Nuclear Forces: Background, Developments, and Issues
-01/06/09   U.S.Strategic Nuclear Forces: Background, Developments, and Issues
-08/05/08   U.S. Strategic Nuclear Forces: Background, Developments, and Issues [228 Kb] -- Updated
-09/18/02   U.S. Use of Preemptive Military Force NEW!
-12/21/05   Vulnerability of Concentrated Critical Infrastructure: Background and Policy Options -- NEW!
-01/22/09   The War Crimes Act: Current Issues
-01/23/09   War in Afghanistan: Strategy, Military Operations, and Issues for Congress
-03/10/08   The War Powers Resolution: After Thirty-Four Years [408 Kb] -- Updated
-02/02/09   War Powers Resolution: Presidential Compliance
-09/11/01   War Powers Resolution: Presidential Compliance
-08/28/08   Weak and Failing States: Evolving Security Threats and U.S. Policy [208 Kb] -- Updated
-04/18/08   Weak and Failing States: Evolving Security Threats and U.S. Policy [197 Kb] -- Updated
-03/07/02   Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Terrorist Threat
-02/05/09   Peacekeeping/Stabilization and Conflict Transitions

Democracy, Civil Society, Human Rights and Women's Issues
-01/28/09   Islam: Sunnis and Shiites
-11/20/08   The 2009 U.N. Durban Review Conference: Follow-Up to the 2001 U.N. World Conference Against Racism
-10/22/08   Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and Refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation [73 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/28/08   The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW): Congressional Issues [114 Kb] -- Updated
-09/09/08   Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment [236 Kb] -- Updated
-10/31/08   Human Rights in China: Trends and Policy Implications [220 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/26/09   International Population Assistance and Family Planning Programs: Issues for Congress
-03/31/08   International Violence Against Women: U.S. Response and Policy Issues [255 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/11/06   Islam: Sunnis and Shiites -- Updated
-01/23/08   Islamic Religious Schools, Madrasas: Background [77 Kb] -- Updated
-01/24/08   The Islamic Traditions of Wahhabism and Salafiyya [77 Kb] -- Updated
-07/29/08   Journalists' Privilege: Overview of the Law and Legislation in the 109th and 110th Congresses [113 Kb] -- Updated
-10/03/06   Journalists' Privilege: Overview of the Law and 109th Congress Legislation -- Updated
-05/16/05   Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board: 109th Congress Proposed Refinements -- Updated
-01/22/02   Refugee Admissions and Resettlement Policy
-08/14/08   Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress [271 Kb] -- Updated
-01/10/08   Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress [306 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/26/04   Trafficking in Women and Children: The U.S. and International Response -- Updated
-01/26/09   U.N. Convention Against Torture (CAT): Overview and Application to Interrogation Techniques
-01/25/08   U.N. Convention Against Torture (CAT): Overview and Application to Interrogation Techniques [171 Kb] -- Updated
-01/21/09   The U.N. Convention Against Torture: Overview of U.S. Implementation Policy Concerning the Removal of Aliens
-01/07/09   The UNESCO World Heritage Convention: Congressional Issues
-07/24/08   The U.N. Population Fund: Background and the U.S. Funding Debate [173 Kb] -- Updated
-01/11/08   The U.N. Population Fund: Background and the U.S. Funding Debate [175 Kb] -- Updated
-08/12/08   United Nations System Efforts to Address Violence Against Women [148 Kb] -- Updated
-06/03/08   United Nations System Efforts to Address Violence Against Women [147 Kb] -- NEW!

Economics and Trade
-06/03/02   The 2002 Farm Bill: Overview and Status Updated.
-06/14/05   Africa, the G8, and the Blair Initiative -- Updated
-04/05/04   AGOA III: Amendment to the African Growth and Opportunity Act -- Updated
-06/14/02   Agricultural Export and Food Aid Programs -- Updated
-12/11/06   Agricultural Issues in the 110th Congress -- NEW!
-10/06/06   Agricultural Issues in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-10/31/03   Agricultural Trade in a U.S.-Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) NEW!
-09/24/02   Agricultural Trade Issues in the 107th Congress -- Updated
-11/07/03   Agriculture and Fast Track or Trade Promotion Authority -- Updated
-05/03/05   Agriculture in the WTO Doha Round: The Framework Agreement and Next Steps -- Updated
-05/10/05   Agriculture in the WTO: Limits on Domestic Support -- Updated
-06/17/05   Agriculture in the WTO: Member Spending on Domestic Support -- Updated
-05/12/05   Agriculture in the WTO: Policy Commitments Made Under the Agreement on Agriculture -- NEW!
-01/03/05   Agriculture: Prospective Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-10/17/08   The America COMPETES Act and FY2009 Budget [168 Kb] -- Updated
-03/20/08   The America COMPETES Act and the FY2009 Budget [134 Kb] -- Updated
-10/17/08   America COMPETES Act: Programs, Funding, and Selected Issues [168 Kb] -- Updated
-01/22/08   America COMPETES Act: Programs, Funding, and Selected Issues [799 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/12/02   Andean Trade Preference Act: A Comparison of House and Senate Versions of H.R. 3009 NEW!
-02/21/02   Andean Trade Preference Act: Background and Issues for Reauthorization [259 Kb] Updated.
-09/30/05   Andean-U.S. Free-Trade Agreement Negotiations -- Updated
-10/17/02   Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Free Trade, and the 2002 Summit in Mexico Updated.
-10/26/01   Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Free Trade, and the 2001 Summit in Shanghai Updated.
-08/01/03   Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Free Trade, and the 2003 Summit in Bangkok, Thailand Updated
-10/14/08   Auction Basics: Background for Assessing Proposed Treasury Purchases of Mortgage-Backed Securities [127 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/21/08   Averting Financial Crisis [201 Kb] -- Updated
-07/11/05   Background on the U.S.-Brazil WTO Cotton Subsidy Dispute -- Updated
-12/08/06   The Bayh-Dole Act: Selected Issues in Patent Policy and the Commercialization of Technology -- Updated
-01/12/05   Caribbean Basin Interim Trade Program: CBI/NAFTA Parity -- Updated
-01/07/08   CARICOM: Challenges and Opportunities for Caribbean Economic Integration [294 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/29/09   Causes of the Financial Crisis
-10/24/05   Central America and the Dominican Republic in the Context of the Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA) with the United States -- Updated
-10/12/04   Changing Causes of the U.S. Trade Deficit -- NEW!
-08/06/03   China and the World Trade Organization Updated
-05/26/05   China's Economic Conditions -- Updated
-11/29/05   China's Currency: Brief Overview of U.S. Options -- NEW!
-01/09/08   China's Holdings of U.S. Securities: Implications for the U.S. Economy [177 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/03/02   China's Trade with the United States and the World NEW!
-10/07/08   China-U.S. Trade Issues [218 Kb] -- Updated
-03/14/02   China-U.S. Trade Issues -- Updated
-12/17/08   Chrysler Corporation Loan Guarantee Act of 1979: Background, Provisions, and Cost
-08/22/05   The Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act ("Byrd Amendment") -- NEW!
-10/15/08   The Cost of Government Financial Interventions, Past and Present [68 Kb] -- Updated
-09/23/08   The Cost of Government Financial Interventions, Past and Present [65 Kb] -- Updated
-10/21/08   Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts [173 Kb] -- Updated
-08/22/08   Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts [146 Kb] -- Updated
-11/22/06   Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts -- Updated
-01/10/02   Current Economic Recession: How Long, How Deep, and How Different from the Past?
-04/29/08   The Debt Limit: History and Recent Increases [137 Kb] -- Updated
-07/17/08   The Depreciating Dollar: Economic Effects and Policy Responses [177 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/10/05   The Doha Development Agenda: The WTO Framework Agreement -- Updated
-01/08/08   Dollar Crisis: Prospect and Implications [120 Kb] -- NEW!
-07/08/05   DR-CAFTA Labor Rights Issues -- Updated
-07/08/05   DR-CAFTA: Regional Issues -- Updated
-07/06/05   The Dominican Republic-Central American-United States Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA) -- Updated
-01/04/08   East Asian Regional Architecture: New Economic and Security Arrangements and U.S. Policy [505 Kb] -- Updated
-04/10/08   East Asia's Foreign Exchange Rate Policies [107 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/12/08   Economic Analysis of a Mortgage Forclosure Moratorium [134 Kb] -- Updated
-11/01/99   Economic Sanctions to Achieve U.S. Foreign Policy Goals: Discussion and Guide to Current Law [175 Kb] -- Updated
-01/02/09   Economic Slowdown: Issues and Policies
-10/17/08   Economic Slowdown: Issues and Policies [208 Kb] -- Updated
-09/29/08   Economic Slowdown: Issues and Policies [313 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/27/09   Economic Stimulus: Issues and Policies
-01/23/09   Economic Stimulus: Issues and Policies
-02/05/09   The Economics of the Federal Budget Deficit
-04/01/02   Electronic Commerce: An Introduction Updated.
-10/31/08   The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act and Current Financial Turmoil: Issues and Analysis [172 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/31/08   Emergency Economic Stabilization Act: Preliminary Analysis of Oversight Provisions [172 Kb] -- Updated
-03/11/02   The Enron Bankruptcy and Employer Stock in Retirement Plans Updated.
-03/28/02   Enron Collapse: An Overview of Financial Issues Updated.
-12/06/06   Europe's New Trade Agenda -- NEW!
-06/12/08   EU-U.S. Economic Ties: Framework, Scope, and Magnitude [99 Kb] -- Updated
-01/03/08   EU-U.S. Economic Ties: Framework, Scope, and Magnitude [98 Kb] -- Updated
-05/13/08   Evaluating the Potential for a Recession in 2008 [150 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/15/08   Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in Conservatorship [68 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/12/08   Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's Financial Problems: Frequently Asked Questions [109 Kb] -- NEW!
-07/15/08   Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's Financial Problems: Frequently Asked Questions [69 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/19/08   Farm Bill Legislative Action in the 110th Congress [235 Kb] -- Updated
-06/13/08   Farm Bill Legislative Action in the 110th Congress [235 Kb] -- Updated
-05/09/08   Farm Bill Legislative Action in the 110th Congress [203 Kb] -- Updated
-04/10/08   Farm Bill Legislative Action in the 110th Congress [203 Kb] -- Updated
-01/15/09   "Fast Track" Procedures to Disapprove Additional Funds Under the Emergency Stabilization Act
-12/10/08   The Federal Budget: Current and Upcoming Issues
-10/29/08   Federal Reserve Interest Rate Changes: 2001-2008 [62 Kb] -- Updated
-01/30/02   Federal Securities Law: Insider Trading
-09/10/08   Financial Institutions Insolvency: Federal Authority over Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Depository Institutions [176 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/29/09   Financial Market Intervention
-09/29/08   Financial Market Intervention [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/03/08   Financial Market Turmoil and U.S. Macroeconomic Performance
-10/08/08   Financial Turmoil: Comparing the Troubled Asset Relief Program to the Federal Reserve's Response [65 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/04/08   Financial Turmoil: Federal Reserve Policy Responses
-10/23/08   Financial Turmoil: Federal Reserve Policy Responses [182 Kb] -- Updated
-07/29/08   Financing Issues and Economic Effects of American Wars [145 Kb] -- Updated
-11/07/01   Financing Issues and Economic Effects of Past American Wars
-04/22/08   Financing the U.S. Trade Deficit [123 Kb] -- Updated
-04/10/08   Food Price Inflation: Causes and Impacts [69 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/20/06   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 110th Congress -- NEW!
-12/27/04   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 109th Congress -- NEW!
-01/03/03   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 108th Congress NEW!
-04/04/08   Foreign Direct Investment: Current Issues [159 Kb] -- Updated
-08/15/08   Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: An Economic Analysis [72 Kb] -- Updated
-12/01/08   Foreign Investment and National Security: Economic Considerations
-04/17/08   Foreign Investment, CFIUS, and Homeland Security: An Overview [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/26/09   Foreign Investment in the United States: Major Federal Statutory Restrictions
-06/21/05   Foreign Outsourcing: Economic Implications and Policy Responses -- Updated
-01/14/08   Foreign Ownership of U.S. Financial Assets: Implications of a Withdrawal [133 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/13/09   Free Trade Agreements: Impact on U.S. Trade and Implications for U.S. Trade Policy
-04/09/02   Free Trade Agreements: Impact on U.S. Trade and Implications for U.S. Trade Policy NEW!
-08/13/03   Free Trade Agreements with Singapore and Chile: Labor Issues Updated
-11/08/05   A Free Trade Area of the Americas: Major Policy Issues and Status of Negotiations -- Updated
-07/24/08   The Future Role of U.S. Trade Policy: An Overview [73 Kb] -- Updated
-07/14/08   The Future Role of U.S. Trade Policy: An Overview [72 Kb] -- Updated
-02/05/08   General Overview of U.S. Copyright Law [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/26/06   Generalized System of Preferences: Background and Renewal Debate -- NEW!
-11/29/06   Generalized System of Preferences Renewal: Agricultural Imports -- NEW!
-02/20/09   The Global Financial and Economic Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications
-02/04/09   The Global Financial Crisis: The Role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
-12/01/08   The Global Financial Crisis: The Role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
-10/30/08   The Global Financial Crisis: The Role fo the International Monetary Fund (IMF) [73 Kb] -- Updated
-07/31/08   Globalization, Worker Insecurity, and Policy Approaches [129 Kb] -- Updated
-05/29/08   High Agricultural Commodity Prices: What Are the Issues? [390 Kb] -- Updated
-05/06/08   High Agricultural Commodity Prices: What Are the Issues? [377 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/30/08   Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 [153 Kb] -- Updated
-10/13/05   Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: Fishing and Aquaculture Industries - Damage and Recovery -- Updated
-07/11/05   Immigration Issues in Trade Agreements -- Updated
-04/04/08   Income Inequality, Income Mobility, and Economic Policy: U.S. Trends in the 1980s and 1990s [169 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/12/01   India and Pakistan: Current U.S. Economic Sanctions. Updated.
-08/25/08   Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy [148 Kb] -- Updated
-08/26/08   Inflation: Causes, Costs, and Current Status [122 Kb] -- Updated
-08/06/08   Inflation: Causes, Costs, and Current Status [122 Kb] -- Updated
-05/06/08   Inflation: Causes, Costs, and Current Status [122 Kb] -- Updated
-01/22/09   Infrastructure Programs: What's Different About Broadband?
-02/05/09   Intellectual Property Rights and International Trade
-10/20/08   Intellectual Property Rights and International Trade [259 Kb] -- Updated
-07/23/08   Intellectual Property Rights and International Trade [256 Kb] -- Updated
-05/03/05   International Financial Institutions: Funding U.S. Participation -- NEW!
-08/22/08   International Trade: Rules of Origin [736 Kb] -- Updated
-06/10/08   International Trade: Rules of Origin [145 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/23/04   Iraq's Trade with the World: Data and Analysis -- Updated
-07/29/08   Islamic Finance: Overview and Policy Concerns [76 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/23/08   Job Loss and Infrastructure Job Creation During the Recession
-08/25/08   Low-Income Country Debt Cancellation: H.R. 2634 and S.2166 [147 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/13/05   The Macroeconomic Effects of Hurricane Katrina -- NEW!
-05/06/08   Major Tax Issues in the 110th Congress [201 Kb] -- Updated
-12/16/08   Monetary Policy and the Federal Reserve: Current Policy and Conditions
-10/29/08   Monetary Policy and the Federal Reserve: Current Policy and Conditions [162 Kb] -- Updated
-08/22/08   Monetary Policy and the Federal Reserve: Current Policy and Conditions [136 Kb] -- Updated
-04/30/08   Monetary Policy and the Federal Reserve: Current Policy and Conditions [135 Kb] -- Updated
-11/22/06   Monetary Policy: Current Policy and Conditions -- Updated
-05/26/05   Morocco-U.S. Free Trade Agreement -- Updated
-08/08/08   Multilateral Development Banks: U.S. Contributions FY1998-2009 [70 Kb] -- Updated
-11/04/08   NAFTA and the Mexican Economy
-02/13/04   NAFTA at Ten: Lessons from Recent Studies -- NEW!
-01/11/02   NAFTA Labor Side Agreement: Lessons for the Worker Rights and Fast-Track Debate Updated.
-01/24/03   North Korea: Economic Sanctions Updated.
-02/06/09   Ocean Piracy and Its Impact on Insurance
-12/03/08   Ocean Piracy and Its Impact on Insurance
-05/02/05   Offshoring (a.k.a. Offshore Outsourcing) and Job Insecurity Among U.S. Workers -- Updated
-10/20/08   The Overseas Private Investment Corporation: Background and Legislative Issues [72 Kb] -- Updated
-05/22/08   The Overseas Private Investment Corporation: Background and Legislative Issues [72 Kb] -- Updated
-01/28/02   Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) Status for Russia and U.S.-Russian Economic Ties
-10/14/05   Ports in Louisiana: New Orleans, South Louisiana, and Baton Rouge -- NEW!
-10/25/06   Potential Challenges to U.S. Farm Subsidies in the WTO: A Brief Overview -- NEW!
-02/09/09   Preserving Homeownership: Foreclosure Prevention Initiatives
-09/22/08   Proposal to Allow Treasury to Buy Mortgage-Related Assets to Address Financial Instability [70 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/24/08   Proposed Colombia Free Trade Agreements: Labor Issues
-02/02/09   Proposed Funding for Workforce Development in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009
-11/01/05   The Proposed U.S.-Panama Free Trade Agreement -- Updated
-10/17/08   The Proposed U.S.-South Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA): Provisions and Implications [287 Kb] -- Updated
-01/22/08   The Proposed U.S.-South Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA): Provisions and Implications [287 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/13/08   Reporting Requirements in the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
-09/26/08   The Resolution Trust Corporation: Historical Analysis [66 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/08/08   Rising Food Prices and Global Food Needs: The U.S. Response [142 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/06/09   The Role of Public Works Infrastructure in Economic Stimulus
-01/07/08   Russia's Accession to the WTO [174 Kb] -- Updated
-01/29/08   Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America: An Overview and Selected Issues [72 Kb] -- Updated
-03/21/02   South Korea-U.S. Economic Relations: Cooperation, Friction, and Future Prospects Updated.
-09/03/08   Sovereign Wealth Funds: Background and Policy Issues for Congress [208 Kb] -- Updated
-01/14/09   The Special Inspector General (SIG) for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP)
-01/16/09   States and Proposed Economic Recovery Plans
-01/05/09   States and Proposed Economic Recovery Plans
-03/18/02   Status of Trade Legislation in the 107th Congress Updated.
-04/02/03   Steel: Legislative and Oversight Issues Updated.
-06/15/05   Structure and Functions of the Federal Reserve System -- Updated
-05/16/03   Taiwan's Accession to the WTO and its Economic Relations with the United States and China Updated
-02/20/08   Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) for Workers: Current Issues and Legislation [101 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/11/01   Trade Agreements: A Pro/Con Analysis of Including Core Labor Standards
-02/06/09   Trade Agreements: Impact on the U.S. Economy
-02/06/08   Trade Agreements: Impact on the U.S. Economy [158 Kb] -- Updated
-11/26/01   Trade Agreements Implementation: Expedited Procedures and Congressional Control in Existing Law
-10/19/04   Trade and the Americas -- Updated
-09/12/05   Trade in Services: The Doha Development Agenda Negotiations and U.S. Goals -- NEW!
-11/22/05   Trade Integration in the Americas -- NEW!
-03/24/05   Trade Issues in the 109th Congress: Policy Challenges and Opportunities -- Updated
-11/30/05   Trade Liberalization Challenges Post-CAFTA -- NEW!
-11/14/06   Trade Negotiations During the 109th Congress -- Updated
-10/12/04   Trade Negotiations in the 108th Congress -- Updated
-03/27/02   Trade Policymaking in the European Union: Institutional Framework
-01/10/08   Trade Promotion Authority and Fast-Track Negotiating Authority for Trade Agreements: Major Votes [75 Kb] -- Updated
-01/14/03   Trade Promotion Authority (Fast-Track Authority for Trade Agreements): Background and Developments in the 107th Congress Updated.
-06/17/02   Trade Promotion Authority (Fast-Track): Labor Issues (Including H.R. 3005 and H.R. 3009) Updated.
-01/18/02   Trade Promotion Authority (Fast-Track): Labor Issues (Including H.R. 3005 and H.R. 3019) Updated.
-12/05/06   Trade Promotion Authority (TPA): Issues, Options, and Prospects for Renewal -- NEW!
-01/17/02   Trade Promotion (Fast-Track) Authority: A Comparison of H.R. 3005 as Approved by the House and the Senate Finance Committee
-11/28/01   Trade Promotion (Fast-Track) Authority: H.R. 3005 Provisions and Related Issues Updated.
-04/15/02   Trade Promotion (Fast-Track) Authority: Summary and Analysis of Selection Major Provisions of H.R. 3005 NEW!
-06/14/02   Trade Promotion (Fast-Track) Authority: Summary and Analysis of Selected Major Provisions of H.R. 3005 and Title XXI of H.R. 3009 Updated.
-07/22/03   Trade Remedy Law Reform in the 108th Congress Updated
-03/05/02   Trade Retaliation: The "Carousel" Approach Updated
-10/22/08   Transatlantic Regulatory Cooperation: Background and Analysis [179 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/17/09   Troubled Asset Relief Program and Foreclosures
-06/29/05   Unauthorized Employment of Aliens: Basics of Employer Sanctions -- NEW!
-09/25/06   U.S. Agricultural Trade: Trends, Composition, Direction, and Policy -- Updated
-04/30/08   U.S. Airline Industry: Issues and Role of Congress [227 Kb] -- NEW!
-07/22/08   The United States as a Net Debtor Nation: Overview of the International Investment Position [119 Kb] -- Updated
-10/13/06   United States-Canada Trade and Economic Relationship: Prospects and Challenges -- Updated
-06/01/04   The U.S.-Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA): Challenges for Sub-Regional Integration -- Updated
-03/05/01   The U.S.-Chile Free Trade Agreement. -- Updated
-05/01/08   The U.S.-Colombia Free Trade Agreement: Economic and Political Implications [181 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/05/09   U.S. Economy in Recession: Similarities To and Differences From the Past
-08/15/08   U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Trends and Current Issues [71 Kb] -- Updated
-05/21/02   U.S.-EU Trade Tensions: Causes, Consequences, and Possible Cures NEW!
-05/21/02   U.S.-European Union Trade Relations: Issues and Policy Challenges -- Updated
-09/02/08   The U.S. Farm Economy [77 Kb] -- Updated
-04/17/08   The U.S. Farm Economy [113 Kb] -- Updated
-09/29/08   The U.S. Financial Crisis: Lessons from Chile [71 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/29/08   The U.S. Financial Crisis: Lessons from Japan [73 Kb] -- Updated
-09/29/08   The U.S. Financial Crisis: Lessons from Sweden [70 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/18/08   The U.S. Financial Crisis: The Global Dimension with Implications for U.S. Policy
-04/07/08   U.S. - French Commercial Ties -- Updated
-11/26/08   U.S. International Trade: Tends and Forecasts
-10/16/08   U.S. International Trade: Trends and Forecasts [181 Kb] -- Updated
-09/05/08   U.S. International Trade: Trends and Forecasts [181 Kb] -- Updated
-05/30/08   U.S. International Trade: Trends and Forecasts [177 Kb] -- Updated
-12/14/06   U.S. International Trade: Trends and Forecasts -- Updated
-05/29/02   U.S.-Japan Economic Ties: Status and Outlook -- Updated
-07/18/08   U.S.-Latin America Trade: Recent Trends [134 Kb] -- Updated
-05/11/04   U.S.-Latin American Trade: Recent Trends -- Updated
-07/11/05   U.S.-Mexico Economic Relations: Trends, Issues, and Implications -- Updated
-01/30/09   U.S. Motor Vehicle Industry: Federal Financial Assistance and Restructuring
-12/03/08   U.S. Motor Vehicle Industry: Federal Financial Assistance and Restructuring
-01/07/08   The U.S.-Singapore Free Trade Agreement: Effects After Three Years [142 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/09/06   U.S.-Oman Free Trade Agreement -- Updated
-07/24/08   United States - Southern African Customs Union (SACU) Free Trade Agreement Negotiations: Background and Potential Issues [71 Kb] -- Updated
-06/20/01   U.S.-Sub-Saharan Africa Trade and Investment: Programs and Policy Direction Updated.
-11/03/05   U.S.-Thailand Free Trade Agreement Negotiations -- Updated
-10/28/08   U.S. Trade and Investment Relationship with Sub-Saharan Africa: The African Growth and Opportunity Act and Beyond [226 Kb] -- Updated
-05/05/08   U.S. Trade and Investment Relationship with Sub-Saharan Africa: The African Growth and Opportunity Act and Beyond [226 Kb] -- Updated
-12/12/08   U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices
-09/12/08   U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices [71 Kb] -- Updated
-08/12/08   U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices [71 Kb] -- Updated
-12/13/06   U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices -- Updated
-01/21/09   U.S. Trade Policy and the Caribbean: From Trade Preferences to Free Trade Agreements
-04/30/08   The U.S. Trade Situation for Fruit and Vegetable Products [146 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/29/09   Using Business Tax Cuts to Stimulate the Economy
-10/24/06   Vietnam PNTR Status and WTO Accession: Issues and Implications for the United States -- Updated
-01/23/08   What is a Recession, Who Decides When It Starts, and When Do They Decide? [64 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/19/08   What is the "Farm Bill"? [77 Kb] -- Updated
-05/16/08   What is the "Farm Bill"? [76 Kb] -- Updated
-04/01/08   What Is the "Farm Bill"? [74 Kb] -- Updated
-02/24/09   Who Regulates Whom? An Overview of U.S. Financial Supervision
-07/28/04   Why Certain Trade Agreements Are Approved as Congressional-Executive Agreements Rather Than as Treaties -- Updated
-01/28/08   The World Bank and Iran [77 Kb] -- Updated
-03/17/05   The World Bank: Changing Leadership and Issues for the United States and Congress -- Updated
-04/19/04   World Bank Post-Conflict Aid: Oversight Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-04/01/08   The World Bank's International Development Association (IDA) [170 Kb] -- Updated
-08/28/02   WorldCom: The Accounting Scandal Updated.
-01/27/09   World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Treaty on the Protection of Broadcasting Organizations
-02/18/05   The World Trade Organization: Background an Issues -- Updated
-06/09/05   World Trade Organization (WTO): Issues in the Debate on U.S. Participation -- Updated
-08/18/08   World Trade Organization Negotiations: The Doha Development Agenda [162 Kb] -- Updated
-12/09/05   The World Trade Organization: The Hong Kong Ministeriall -- Updated
-11/07/06   WTO Dispute Settlement: Stages and Pending U.S. Activity Before the Dispute Settlement Body -- Updated
-11/09/05   WTO Doha Round: Agricultural Negotiating Proposals -- NEW!
-12/12/06   The WTO, Intellectual Property Rights, and the Access to Medicines Controversy -- Updated

Emergency Preparedness and Disasters
-01/31/02   Bioterrorism: Legislation to Improve Public Health Preparedness and Response Capacity
-12/21/01   Bioterrorism: Summary of a CRS/National Health Policy Forum Seminar on Federal, State, and Local Public Health Preparedness
-08/14/02   Department of Homeland Security: State and Local Preparedness Issues Updated.
-10/25/05   Disaster Response and Appointment of a Recovery Czar: The Executive Branch's Response to the Flood of 1927 -- NEW!
-09/14/05   Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) -- Updated
-09/02/05   Emergency Communications: The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and All-Hazard Warnings -- Updated
-06/24/02   Federal Disaster Policies After Terrorists Strike: Issues and Options for Congress -- New!
-08/29/05   Federal Disaster Recovery Programs: Brief Summaries -- Updated
-12/15/06   Federal Emergency Management Policy Changes After Hurricane Katrina: A Summary of Statutory Provisions -- NEW!
-09/13/05   Federal Food Assistance: Hurricane Katrina -- NEW!
-11/28/05   Federal Hurricane Recovery Coordinator: Appointment and Oversight Issues -- NEW!
-08/29/05   Federal Stafford Act Disaster Assistance: Presidential Declarations, Eligible Activities, and Funding -- NEW!
-10/26/05   Flood Risk Management: Federal Role in Infrastructure -- NEW!
-05/05/05   FY2005 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq and Afghanistan, Tsunami Relief, and Other Activities -- Updated
-09/19/05   H.R. 3768: the Katrina Emergency Tax Relief Act of 2005 -- NEW!
-09/19/05   Hurricane Katrina: DOD Disaster Response -- NEW!
-09/15/05   Hurricane Katrina: Insurance Losses and National Capacities for Financing Disaster Risk -- NEW!
-09/19/05   Hurricane Katrina-Related Immigration Issues and Legislation -- NEW!
-09/12/05   Hurricane Katrina - Stafford Act Authorities and Actions by Governor Blanco and President Bush to Trigger Them -- CRS Memorandum
-09/21/05   Hurricane Katrina: The Public Health and Medical Response -- NEW!
-09/14/05   Hurricane Katrina: The Response by the Internal Revenue Service -- NEW!
-04/08/05   Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami: Food Aid Needs and the U.S. Response -- Updated
-02/10/05   Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami: Humanitarian Assistance and Relief Operations -- Updated
-12/21/06   International Crises and Disasters: U.S. Humanitarian Assistance, Budget Trends, and Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-09/16/05   Issues Raised by Hurricane Katrina: A Focus on Education and Training -- NEW!
-09/13/05   The Macroeconomic Effects of Hurricane Katrina -- NEW!
-09/07/05   Organization and Mission of the Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate: Issues and Options for the 109th Congress -- NEW!
-11/10/05   Pandemic Influenza: Domestic Preparedness Efforts -- NEW!
-09/13/05   Regulatory Waivers and Extensions Pursuant to Hurricane Katrina -- NEW!
-09/16/05   Repairing and Reconstructing Disaster-Damaged Roads and Bridges: The Role of Federal-Aid Highway Assistance -- NEW!
-09/16/05   Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act: Legal Requirements for Federal and State Roles in Declarations of an Emergency or a Major Disaster -- NEW!
-02/05/02   State and Local Preparedness for Terrorism: Policy Issues and Options
-09/16/05   Tax Policy Options After Hurricane Katrina -- NEW!
-10/07/05   Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): Its Role in Response to the Effects of Hurricane Katrina -- Updated
-12/27/01   Terrorism Preparedness: A Catalog of Federal Assistance Programs
-05/28/08   Tsunami Detection and Warnings for the United States [436 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/01/05   Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems -- Updated
-09/16/05   The Use of Federal Troops for Disaster Assistance: Legal Issues -- NEW!

Energy
-07/11/08   Advanced Nuclear Power and Fuel Cycle Technologies: Outlook and Policy Options [114 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/12/08   The Alaska Natural Gas Pipeline: Status and Current Policy Issues [161 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/13/09   Alternative Fuels and Advanced Technology Vehicles: Issues in Congress
-01/27/09   Alternative Fuels and Advanced Technology Vehicles: Issues in Congress
-07/10/08   Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Legislative Actions in the 110th Congress [199 Kb] -- Updated
-01/10/08   Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Legislative Actions Through the 110th Congress, First Session [201 Kb] -- Updated
-01/27/09   Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: The CAFE Standards
-01/05/09   Biofuels Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs
-07/29/08   Biofuels Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs [113 Kb] -- Updated
-03/18/08   Biofuels Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs [102 Kb] -- Updated
-01/30/08   Biofuels Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs [102 Kb] -- Updated
-04/09/02   Caspian Oil and Gas: Production & Prospects NEW!
-09/27/05   Daylight Saving Time -- NEW!
-08/12/03   Electricity: The Road Toward Reconstruction Updated
-02/08/08   Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Legislation in the 110th Congress [515 Kb] -- Updated
-07/29/05   Energy Policy: Comprehensive Energy Legislation (H.R. 6) in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-06/28/05   Energy Policy: Comprehensive Energy Legislation (H.R.6, S.10) in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-01/30/03   Energy Policy: Historical Overview, Conceptual Framework, and Continuing Issues -- NEW!
-04/01/05   Energy Policy: Legislative Proposals in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-04/12/02   Energy Policy: Setting the State for the Current Debate -- Updated
-08/08/03   Energy Policy: The Continuing Debate Updated
-10/01/04   Energy Policy: The Continuing Debate and Omnibus Energy Legislation -- Updated
-08/08/08   Energy: Selected Facts and Numbers [215 Kb] -- Updated
-05/01/08   Energy: Selected Facts and Numbers [367 Kb] -- Updated
-04/09/02   Enron: A Select Chronology of Congressional, Corporate, and Government Activities NEW!
-03/11/02   The Enron Bankruptcy and Employer Stock in Retirement Plans Updated.
-03/28/02   Enron Collapse: An Overview of Financial Issues Updated.
-07/07/08   The Enron Loophole [74 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/16/02   Enron: Selected Securities, Accounting, and Pension Laws Possibly Implicated in its Collapse
-01/30/08   The European Union's Energy Security Challenges [189 Kb] -- Updated
-07/03/08   Forest Carbon Markets: Potential and Drawbacks [146 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/19/06   Fuel Ethanol: Background and Public Policy Issues -- Updated
-08/20/08   Gasoline and Oil Prices [116 Kb] -- NEW!
-04/08/04   Gasoline Price Surge Revisited: Crude Oil and Refinery Issues -- NEW!
-09/25/08   Gasoline Prices: Causes of Increases and Congressional Response [230 Kb] -- Updated
-07/31/08   Gasoline Prices: Causes of Increases and Congressional Response [228 Kb] -- Updated
-06/17/08   Gasoline Prices: Causes of Increases and Congressional Response [243 Kb] -- Updated
-04/07/08   Gasoline Prices: Issues for the 110th Congress [125 Kb] -- Updated
-02/04/08   Gasoline Prices: Issues for the 110th Congress [124 Kb] -- Updated
-05/22/08   Gasoline Prices: Legislation in the 110th Congress [225 Kb] -- Updated
-09/25/06   Gasoline Prices: New Legislation and Proposals -- Updated
-07/28/08   Intelligence Reform at the Department of Energy: Policy Issues and Organizational Alternatives [164 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/27/02   Legal Issues Related to Proposed Drilling for Oil and Gas in the Artic National Wildlife Refuge [243 Kb] Updated.
-12/23/08   A Low Carbon Fuel Standard: State and Federal Legislation and Regulations
-09/03/08   Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power [283 Kb] -- Updated
-02/04/09   The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and Federal Energy Technology R&D Programs: A Comparative Analysis
-09/03/08   The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and Federal Energy Technology R&D Programs: A Comparative Analysis [111 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/21/06   NATO and Energy Security -- Updated
-09/02/08   Nuclear Energy Policy [177 Kb] -- Updated
-11/29/06   Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing: U.S. Policy Development -- NEW!
-01/30/09   Offshore Oil and Gas Development: Legal Framework
-10/21/05   Oil and Gas Disruption from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita -- NEW!
-08/06/08   Oil Development on Federal Lands and the Outer Continental Shelf [75 Kb] -- Updated
-04/04/08   Oil Industry Profit Review 2007 [94 Kb] -- NEW!
-08/04/05   Oil Industry Profits: Analysis of Recent Performance -- NEW!
-01/22/08   Outer Continental Shelf: Debate Over Oil and Gas Leasing and Revenue Sharing [313 Kb] -- Updated
-10/27/05   Outer Continental Shelf: Debate Over Oil and Gas Leasing and Revenue Sharing -- Updated
-09/16/08   Outer Continental Shelf Leasing: Side-by-Side Comparison of Five Legislative Proposals [91 Kb] -- Updated
-06/23/08   Possible Federal Revenue from Oil Development of ANWR and Nearby Areas [101 Kb] -- NEW!
-07/15/08   Primer on Energy Derivatives and Their Regulation [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/25/08   Renewable Energy: Background and Issues for the 110th Congress [230 Kb] -- Updated
-04/09/08   Renewable Energy R&D Funding History: A Comparison with Funding for Nuclear Energy, Fossil Energy, and Energy Efficiency R&D [63 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/18/08   Royalty Relief for U.S. Deepwater Oil and Gas Leases [71 Kb] -- Updated
-01/17/08   Russian Energy Policy Toward Neighboring Countries [429 Kb] -- Updated
-01/23/09   Selected Issues Related to an Expansion of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)
-07/08/08   Speculation and Energy Prices: Legislative Responses [146 Kb] -- Updated
-11/25/05   Strategic Petroleum Reserve -- Updated
-09/19/08   The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: History, Perspective, and Issues [126 Kb] -- Updated
-07/29/08   The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: History, Perspectives, and Issues [124 Kb] -- Updated
-06/06/08   The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: History, Perspectives, and Issues [119 Kb] -- Updated
-05/15/08   The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: History, Perspectives, and Issues [120 Kb] -- Updated
-02/14/08   The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: History, Perspectives, and Issues [119 Kb] -- Updated
-05/07/08   Transportation Fuel Taxes: Impacts of a Repeal or Moratorium [90 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/03/09   U.S. Energy: Overview and Selected Facts and Numbers
-12/11/08   U.S. Oil Exports
-12/12/08   U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices
-12/13/06   U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices -- Updated
-06/20/08   Wind Power in the United States: Technology, Economic, and Policy Issues [662 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/09/05   World Oil Demand and Its Effect on Oil Prices -- Updated

Environment
-07/10/08   Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Legislative Actions in the 110th Congress [199 Kb] -- Updated
-01/10/08   Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Legislative Actions Through the 110th Congress, First Session [201 Kb] -- Updated
-03/25/05   Air Quality: Multi-Pollutant Legislation in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-01/13/04   Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Controversies for the 108th Congress -- Updated
-02/13/08   The Bali Agreements and Forests [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/03/09   Biochar: Examination of an Emerging Concept to Mitigate Climate Change
-02/23/09   Carbon Tax and Greenhouse Gas Control: Options and Considerations for Congress
-05/09/05   Clean Air Act: A Summary of the Act and Its Major Requirements -- Updated
-01/16/09   Clean Air Issues in the 111th Congress
-09/28/05   Clean Water Act Issues in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-08/22/08   Climate Change and International Deforestation: Legislative Analysis [180 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/30/08   Climate Change: Comparison of S.2191 as Reported (now S.3036) with Proposed Boxer Amendment [109 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/15/08   Climate Change: Costs and Benefits of S. 2191 [527 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/03/08   Climate Change: Current Issues and Policy Tools [197 Kb] -- Updatd
-12/08/08   Climate Change: Federal Laws and Policies Related to Greenhouse Gas Reductions
-01/07/08   Climate Change Legislation in the 110th Congress [198 Kb] -- Updated
-01/06/05   Climate Change Legislation in the 108th Congress -- Updated
-10/11/06   Debt-for-Nature Initiatives and the Tropical Forest Conservation Act: Status and Implementation -- Updated
-01/07/08   Environmental Laws: Summaries of Major Statutes Administered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [520 Kb] -- Updated
-10/25/04   Environmental Protection Issues in the 108th Congress -- Updated
-02/05/09   Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP): Status and Issues
-02/20/08   Federal Pollution Control Laws: How Are They Enforced? [293 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/19/09   Fishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mamal Issues in the 111th Congress
-03/27/02   Global Climate Change -- Updated
-07/21/05   Global Climate Change: The Kyoto Protocol -- Updated
-01/16/09   Issues in Green Building and the Federal Response: An Introduction
-04/25/08   Ocean Commissions: Ocean Policy Review and Outlook [138 Kb] -- Updated
-01/11/08   Regulation of Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions: State and Federal Standards [75 Kb] -- NEW!
-04/04/08   The Role of Offsets in a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Cap-and-Trade Program: Potential Benefits and Concerns [250 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/23/08   A U.S.-centric Chronology of the International Climate Change Negotiations
-01/29/09   U.S. Global Climate Change Policy: Evolving Views on Cost, Competitiveness, and Comprehensiveness
-11/24/08   The World Bank's Clean Technology Fund (CTF)

Foreign Policy
-02/06/03   Appropriations for FY2003: Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Updated.
-07/21/03   Appropriations for FY2004: Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Updated
-12/24/08   Assistance to North Korea
-08/15/08   Comparing Global Influence: China's and U.S. Diplomacy, Foreign Aid, Trade, and Investment in the Developing World [2007 Kb] -- NEW!
-08/25/08   The Department of Defense Role in Foreign Assistance: Background, Major Issues, and Options for Congress [496 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/20/06   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 110th Congress -- NEW!
-12/27/04   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 109th Congress -- NEW!
-01/03/03   Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade: Key Issues for the 108th Congress NEW!
-01/19/05   Foreign Aid: An Introductory Overview of U.S. Programs and Policy -- Updated
-02/10/09   Foreign Aid: An Introduction to U.S. Programs and Policy
-01/17/08   Foreign Aid Reform: Issues for Congress and Policy Options [230 Kb] -- Updated
-12/17/08   Foreign Aid Reform: Studies and Recommendations
-05/26/05   Foreign Assistance to North Korea -- Updated
-07/11/05   Foreign Operations (House)/State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Senate): FY2006 Appropriations -- Updated
-06/01/99   Foreign Policy Roles of the President and Congress -- NEW!
-09/02/03   Foreign Relations Authorization, FY2004 and FY2005: State Dept., The Millennium Challenge Account, and Foreign Assistance Updated
-01/24/08   FY2008 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for International Affairs [147 Kb] -- Updated
-10/18/06   International Food Aid: U.S. and Other Donor Contributions -- Updated
-08/26/03   The Millennium Challenge Account: Congressional Consideration of a New Foreign Aid Initiative -- Updated
-02/03/09   Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: Background and Issues for Congress
-05/22/08   Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: Background and Issues for Congress [111 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/30/08   Second FY2008 Supplemental Appropriations for Military Operations, International Affairs, and Other Purposes [350 Kb] -- Updated
-04/15/08   Second FY2008 Supplemental Appropriations for Military Operations, International Affairs, and Other Purposes [158 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/05/05   State Department and Related Agencies: FY2005 Appropriations and FY2006 Request -- Updated
-04/12/02   State Department and Related Agencies: FY2003 Appropriations NEW!
-12/11/01   State Department and Related Agencies FY2002 Appropriations Updated.
-08/21/08   State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs: FY2009 Appropriations [211 Kb] -- Updated
-02/25/02   Terrorism, the Future, and U.S. Foreign Policy -- Updated
-01/27/09   United Nations Reform: U.S. Policy and International Perspectives
-08/05/08   United Nations Reform: U.S. Policy and International Perspectives [1072 Kb] -- Updated
-11/13/08   United Nations System Funding: Congressional Issues
-02/01/08   United Nations System Funding: Congressional Issues [698 Kb] -- Updated
-10/08/08   U.S. Foreign Aid to East and South Asia: Selected Receipients [281 Kb] -- Updated
-05/01/08   U.S. Foreign Aid to East and South Asia: Selected Recipients [225 Kb] -- Updated
-01/02/08   U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel [154 Kb] -- Updated
-01/30/09   U.S. Foreign Aid to the Palestinians
-10/08/08   U.S. Foreign Aid to the Palestinians [75 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/13/05   U.S. Foreign Assistance to the Middle East: Historical Background, Recent Trends, and the FY2006 Request -- Updated
-12/21/06   U.S. Foreign Assistance to the Middle East: Historical Background, Recent Trends, and the FY2007 Request -- Updated
-01/28/08   U.S.-Funded Assistance Programs in China [74 Kb] -- Updated

Immigration and Visa
-10/18/04   9/11 Commission: Current Legislative Proposals for U.S. Immigration Law and Policy -- Updated
-05/22/08   Alien Smuggling: Recent Legislative Developments [109 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/31/05   Consular Identification Cards: Domestic and Foreign Policy Implications, the Mexican Case, and Related Legislation -- Updated
-03/11/04   Enforcing Immigration Law: The Role of State and Local Enforcement -- NEW!
-09/19/05   Hurricane Katrina-Related Immigration Issues and Legislation -- NEW!
-04/18/02   Immigration: Adjustment to Permanent Resident Status Under Section 245(i) Updated.
-05/09/05   Immigration: Analysis of the Major Provisions of H.R. 418, the REAL ID Act of 2005 -- Updated
-05/25/05   Immigration: Analysis of the Major Provisions of the REAL ID Act of 2005 -- Updated
-05/20/03   Immigration and Naturalization Fundamentals -- Updated
-12/11/02   Immigration and Naturalization Service: Restructuring Proposals in the 107th Congress Updated.
-12/12/06   Immigration Consequences of Criminal Activity -- Updated
-07/11/05   Immigration Issues in Trade Agreements -- Updated
-03/11/02   Immigration Legalization and Status Adjustment Legislation Updated.
-12/10/08   Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 110th Congress
-09/04/08   Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 110th Congress [233 Kb] -- Updated
-05/09/08   Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 110th Congress [218 Kb] -- Updated
-02/14/08   Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 110th Congress [185 Kb] -- Updated
-12/07/06   Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-10/06/04   Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 108th Congress -- Updated
-08/28/02   Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 107th Congress -- Updated
-12/11/06   Immigration: Policy Considerations Related to Guest Worker Programs -- Updated
-09/30/05   Immigration Policy on Expedited Removal of Aliens -- NEW!
-04/28/04   Immigration-Related Detention: Current Legislative Issues -- NEW!
-01/29/09   Immigration: The Effects on Low-Skilled and High-Skilled Native-Born Workers
-01/26/05   Implications of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations upon the Regulation of Consular Identification Cards -- Updated
-12/02/08   Immigration-Related Worksite Enforcement: Performance Measures
-06/02/05   Mexico-United States Dialogue on Migration and Border Issues, 2001-2005 -- Updated
-01/14/05   Monitoring Foreign Students in the United States: The Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) -- Updated
-04/14/08   Removing Aliens from the United States: Judicial Review of Removal Orders [132 Kb] -- Updated
-09/18/08   Temporary Protected Status: Current Immigration Policy and Issues [72 Kb] -- Updated
-05/21/08   Unauthorized Aliens' Access to Federal Benefits: Policy and Issues [182 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/15/04   Unauthorized Aliens in the United States: Estimates since 1986 -- NEW!
-06/29/05   Unauthorized Employment of Aliens: Basics of Employer Sanctions -- NEW!
-01/21/05   U.S. Immigration Policy on Haitian Migrants -- Updated
-02/29/08   U.S. Immigration Policy on Permanent Admissions [249 Kb] -- Updated
-12/13/06   U.S. Immigration Policy on Permanent Admissions -- Updated
-01/15/09   U.S. Immigration Policy on Temporary Admissions
-01/31/08   U.S. Immigration Policy on Temporary Admissions [221 Kb] -- Updated
-02/18/04   U.S. Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology Program (US-VISIT) -- NEW!
-10/13/04   Visa Issuances: Policy, Issues, and Legislation -- Updated
-03/04/04   Visa Policy: Roles of the Departments of State and Homeland Security -- NEW!
-01/30/09   Visa Waiver Program
-12/20/04   Visa Waiver Program -- Updated

Law
-01/06/09   Amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Set to Expire in 2009
-09/08/05   Arrest and Detention of Material Witnesses: Federal Law in Brief and Section 12 of the USA PATRIOT and Terrorism Prevention Reauthorization Act (H.R. 3199) -- NEW!
-06/12/02   Background and Legal Issues Related to Stem Cell Research Updated.
-01/05/05   Capital Punishment: An Overview of Federal Death Penalty Statutes -- Updated
-04/05/05   Copyright Protection of Digital Television: The "Broadcast Flag" -- NEW!
-02/25/08   Cybercrime: A Sketch of 18 U.S.C. 1030 and Related Federal Criminal Laws [65 Kb] -- Updated
-01/16/02   Enron: Selected Securities, Accounting, and Pension Laws Possibly Implicated in its Collapse
-09/13/05   Federal Affirmative Action Law: A Brief History -- NEW!
-09/09/05   Federal Civil Rights Statues: A Primer -- NEW!
-01/30/02   Federal Securities Law: Insider Trading
-01/30/09   Federal Statutes: What They Are and Where to Find Them
-02/05/08   General Overview of U.S. Copyright Law [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/29/08   In Re Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001: Dismissals of Claims Against Saudi Defendants Under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) [106 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/12/08   International Criminal Court Cases in Africa: Status and Policy Issues [203 Kb] -- NEW!
-04/04/05   Lawsuits Against State Supporters of Terrorism: An Overview -- Updated
-02/27/02   Legal Issues Related to Proposed Drilling for Oil and Gas in the Artic National Wildlife Refuge [243 Kb] Updated.
-10/21/05   Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, and Missile Proliferation Sanctions: Selected Current Law -- Updated
-02/06/09   Ocean Piracy and Its Impact on Insurance
-12/03/08   Ocean Piracy and Its Impact on Insurance
-07/26/05   Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview -- NEW!
-01/22/09   Renditions: Constraints Imposed by Laws on Torture
-02/10/05   U.N. Convention Against Torture (CAT): Overview and Application to Interrogation Techniques -- Updated
-03/11/04   The U.N. Convention Against Torture: Overview of U.S. Implementation Policy Concerning the Removal of Aliens -- NEW!
-08/18/04   The U.N. Law of the Sea Convention and the United States: Developments Since October 2003 -- Updated
-01/22/09   The War Crimes Act: Current Issues
-10/02/06   The War Crimes Act: Current Issues -- Updated

Law Enforcement and International Narcotics
-12/10/06   Afghanistan: Narcotics and U.S. Policy -- Updated
-05/10/05   Andean Counterdrug Initiative (ACI) and Related Funding Programs: FY2005 Assistance -- Updated
-01/29/08   Botnets, Cybrcrime, and Cyberterrorism: Vulnerabilities and Policy Issues for Congress [260 Kb] -- Updated
-04/16/08   Burma and Transnational Crime [601 Kb] -- Updated
-09/28/06   Cybercrime: The Council of Europe Convention -- Updated
-01/10/02   Drug Certification Requirements and Congressional Modifications in 2001 Updated.
-05/08/02   Drug Control: International Policy and Options -- Updated
-11/18/05   Drug Crop Eradication and Alternative Development in the Andes -- NEW!
-03/16/05   Identity Theft: The Internet Connection -- NEW!
-12/03/01   Intelligence and Law Enforcement: Countering Transnational Threats to the U.S. Updated.
-02/09/09   International Drug Control Policy
-06/23/08   International Drug Control Policy [684 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/06/06   International Drug Trade and U.S. Foreign Policy -- Updated
-02/02/09   International Illegal Trade in Wildlife: Threats and U.S. Policy
-08/22/08   International Illegal Trade in Wildlife: Threats and U.S. Policy [736 Kb] -- Updated
-03/03/08   International Illegal Trade in Wildlife: Threats and U.S. Policy [734 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/04/01   International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act of 2001, Title III of P.L. 107-56 -- NEW!
-07/07/08   Merida Initiative: Proposed U.S. Anticrime and Counterdrug Assistance for Mexico and Central America [71 Kb] -- Updated
-03/18/08   Merida Initiative: Proposed U.S. Anticrime and Counterdrug Assistance for Mexico and Central America [70 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/10/04   Mexico's Counter-Narcotics Efforts under Fox, December 2000 to October 2004 -- NEW!
-01/30/08   The MS-13 and 18th Street Gangs: Emerging Transnational Gang Threats? [156 Kb] -- Updated
-10/05/01   Taliban and the Drug Trade
-06/01/05   War on Drugs: Reauthorization of the Office of national Drug Control Policy -- Updated

Science, Technology and Health
-04/23/08   AIDS Funding for Federal Government Programs: FY1981-FY2009 [120 Kb] -- Updated
-04/21/04   AIDS Funding for Federal Government Programs: FY1981-FY2005 -- Updated
-02/02/08   AIDS in Africa [183 Kb] -- Updated
-11/24/06   AIDS in Africa -- Updated
-03/01/04   AIDS Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC): Problems, Responses, and Issues for Congress -- NEW!
-01/03/08   Avian Flu Pandemic: Potential Impact of Trade Disruptions [71 Kb] -- Updated
-05/14/04   Avian Influenza: Multiple Strains Cause Different Effects Worldwide -- Updated
-06/12/02   Background and Legal Issues Related to Stem Cell Research Updated.
-12/08/06   The Bayh-Dole Act: Selected Issues in Patent Policy and the Commercialization of Technology -- Updated
-11/08/05   Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE or "Mad Cow Disease") in North America: A Chronology of Selected Events -- Updated
-08/03/05   Broadband Internet Access: Background and Issues -- Updated
-12/08/05   BSE ("Mad Cow Disease"): A Brief Overview -- NEW!
-04/16/04   Computer Security: A Summary of Selected Federal Laws, Executive Orders, and Presidential Directives -- NEW!
-04/05/05   Copyright Protection of Digital Television: The "Broadcast Flag" -- NEW!
-05/13/08   Country-of-Origin Labeling for Foods [83 Kb] -- Updated
-11/08/05   Country-of-Origin Labeling for Foods -- Updated
-08/12/05   The Digital TV Transition: A Brief Overview -- Updated
-02/19/09   The Evolving Broadband Infrastructure: Expansion, Applications, and Regulation
-05/21/02   Fair Use of the Internet NEW!
-02/21/08   FDA Fast Track and Priority Review Programs [78 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/21/09   A Federal Chief Technology Officer in the Obama Administration: Options and Issues for Consideration
-10/10/06   Federal Research and Development Funding:FY2007 -- Updated
-06/02/99   Food Biotechnology in the United States: Science, Regulation, and Issues -- Updated
-02/04/05   Food Safety Issues in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-05/27/08   Food Safety Provisions of the 2008 Farm Bill - NEW!
-07/23/08   Foreign Science and Engineering Presence in U.S. Institutions and the Labor Force [203 Kb] -- Updated
-07/09/08   The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA) [143 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/03/05   The Global Fund and PEPFAR in U.S. International AIDS Policy -- NEW!
-04/14/08   The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria: Progress Report and Issues for Congress [184 Kb] -- Updated
-07/08/08   Global Health: Appropriations to USAID Programs from FY2001 through FY2008 [91 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/28/05   The Google Book Search Project: Is Online Indexing a Fair Use Under Copyright Law? -- NEW!
-12/30/04   HIV/AIDS International Programs: Appropriations, FY2003-FY2005 -- Updated
-01/28/04   HIV/AIDS International Programs: Appropriations, FY2002-FY2004 -- Updated
-06/14/02   HIV/AIDS International Programs: FY2003 Request and FY2002 Spending Updated.
-03/25/02   HIV/AIDS International Programs: FY2002 Request and FY2002 Spending
-01/24/03   HIV/AIDS International Programs: FY2002 Spending and FY2003 Outlook Updated.
-04/30/08   HIV/AIDS in the Caribbean and Central America [110 Kb] -- Updated
-02/25/02   Human Cloning NEW!
-03/16/05   Identity Theft: The Internet Connection -- NEW!
-01/12/09   The Impact of Food Insecurity and Hunger on Global Health: Issues for Congress
-08/25/08   Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy [148 Kb] -- Updated
-04/01/05   Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy -- Updated
-08/25/08   International HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria: Key Changes to U.S. Programs and Funding [167 Kb] -- Updated
-07/14/08   International HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria: Key Changes to U.S. Programs and Funding [151 Kb] -- Updated
-12/29/04   Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth -- Updated
-09/22/05   Internet Domain Names: Background and Policy Issues -- Updated
-05/21/02   Internet Privacy: Overview and Pending Legislation Updated.
-03/02/05   The Iran Nonproliferation Act and the International Space Station: Issues and Options -- NEW!
-03/12/01   Mad Cow Disease: Agriculture Issues
-02/04/09   The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and Federal Energy Technology R&D Programs: A Comparative Analysis
-09/03/08   The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and Federal Energy Technology R&D Programs: A Comparative Analysis [111 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/20/08   Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer [119 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/15/08   Nanotechnology and U.S. competitiveness: Issues and Options [193 Kb] -- NEW!
-08/01/05   The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's FY2006 Budget Request: Description, Analysis, and Issues for Congress -- Updated
-04/17/03   NASA's Space Shuttle Columbia: Quick Facts and Issues for Congress Updated.
-06/02/05   NASA's Space Shuttle Program: Issues for Congress Related to the Columbia Tragedy and "Return to Flight" -- Updated
-02/06/09   Nuclear Waste Disposal: Alternatives to Yucca Mountain
-11/03/05   Organic Agriculture in the U.S.: Program and Policy Issues -- Updated
-04/27/08   Oversight of Dual-Use Biological Research: The National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity [130 Kb] -- Updated
-11/10/05   Pandemic Influenza: Domestic Preparedness Efforts -- NEW!
-01/29/09   PEPFAR Reauthorization: Key Policy Debates and Changes to U.S. International HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Programs and Funding
-02/06/09   The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress
-12/24/08   The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress
-11/10/08   The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress
-12/13/05   Protecting New Orleans: From Hurricane Barriers to Floodwalls -- NEW!
-02/25/09   Public Health and Medical Preparedness and Response: Issues in the 111th Congress
-04/18/08   Science and Technology Policymaking: A Primer [455 Kb] -- NEW!
-03/28/05   Science and Technology Policy: Issues for the 109th Congress -- NEW!
-02/03/09   Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: Background and Issues for Congress
-05/22/08   Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: Background and Issues for Congress [111 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/10/04   Space Exploration: Overview of President Bush's "Vision for Space Exploration," and Key Issues for Congress -- Updated
-02/03/03   Space Launch Vehicles: Government Activities, Commercial Competition, and Satellite Exports Updated.
-02/03/03   Space Stations Updated.
-08/25/08   Technology Transfer: Use of Federally Funded Research and Development [144 Kb] -- Updated
-04/01/05   Technology Transfer: Use of Federally Funded Research and Development -- Updated
-05/01/08   Tuberculosis: International Efforts and Issues for Congress [265 Kb] -- Updated
-02/02/09   U.S. Civilian Space Policy Priorities: Reflections 50 Years After Sputnik
-06/20/08   U.S. Civilian Space Policy Priorities: Reflections 50 Years After Sputnik [380 Kb] -- Updated
-02/28/05   U.S. Space Programs: Civilian, Military, and Commercial -- Updated
-11/24/08   The World Bank's Clean Technology Fund (CTF)

Terrorism and Counterterrorism
-01/25/02   Abu Sayyaf: Target of Philippine-U.S. Anti-Terrorism Cooperation
-01/17/02   Africa and the War on Terrorism
-12/19/01   Agroterrorism: Options in Congress
-08/15/08   Al Qaeda in Iraq: Assessment and Outside Links [144 Kb] -- Updated
-08/17/05   Al Qaeda: Profile and Threat Assessment -- NEW!
-09/08/05   Arrest and Detention of Material Witnesses: Federal Law in Brief and Section 12 of the USA PATRIOT and Terrorism Prevention Reauthorization Act (H.R. 3199) -- NEW!
-05/06/05   Bioterrorism Countermeasure Development: Issues in Patents and Homeland Security -- NEW!
-01/31/02   Bioterrorism: Legislation to Improve Public Health Preparedness and Response Capacity
-12/21/01   Bioterrorism: Summary of a CRS/National Health Policy Forum Seminar on Federal, State, and Local Public Health Preparedness
-01/29/08   Botnets, Cybrcrime, and Cyberterrorism: Vulnerabilities and Policy Issues for Congress [260 Kb] -- Updated
-12/17/01   China's Relations with Central Asian States and Problems with Terrorism
-01/18/02   Combating Terrorism: Are There Lessons to Be Learned from Foreign Experiences?
-11/23/05   Combating Terrorism: The Challenge of Measuring Effectiveness -- NEW!
-04/01/05   Computer Attack and Cyberterrorism: Vulnerabilities and Policy Issues for Congress -- Updated
-05/12/05   Cuba and the State Sponsors of Terrorism List -- Updated
-06/01/04   The Department of State's Patterns of Global Terrorism Report: Trends, State Sponsors, and Related Issues -- NEW!
-10/15/03   FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Global War on Terrorism: Military Operations & Reconstruction Assistance Updated
-05/16/05   Federal Counter-Terrorism Training: Issues for Congressional Oversight -- NEW!
-03/04/05   The Financial Action Task Force: An Overview -- Updated
-07/11/02   Foreign Support of the U.S. War on Terrorism -- Updated
-02/06/04   Foreign Terrorist Organizations -- NEW!
-10/21/03   The "FTO List" and Congress: Sanctioning Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations NEW!
-01/18/08   Fusion Centers: Issues and Options for Congress [1313 Kb] -- Updated
-03/04/05   Homeland Security: Air Passenger Prescreening and Counterterrorism -- NEW!
-10/29/08   In Re Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001: Dismissals of Claims Against Saudi Defendants Under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) [106 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/27/03   Intelligence to Counter Terrorism: Issues for Congress Updated.
-12/04/01   International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act of 2001, Title III of P.L. 107-56 -- NEW!
-02/05/04   Iraq and Al Qaeda: Allied or Not? -- NEW!
-07/26/05   Islamic Terrorism and the Balkans -- NEW!
-08/27/08   Latin America: Terrorism Issues [73 Kb] -- Updated
-04/04/05   Lawsuits Against State Supporters of Terrorism: An Overview -- Updated
-09/15/05   Material Support of Terrorists and Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Expiring Amendments in Brief -- Updated
-09/11/08   Navy Role in Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) - Background and Issues for Congress [75 Kb] -- Updated
-02/02/09   North Korea: Terrorism List Removal?
-01/31/02   Nuclear Powerplants: Vulnerability to Terrorist Attack
-02/10/05   Nuclear Terrorism: A Brief Review of Threats and Responses -- Updated
-07/29/05   Passenger Rail Security: Overview of Issues -- Updated
-09/13/01   Response to Terrorism: Legal Aspects of the Use of Force.
-05/20/04   Small-Scale Terrorist Attacks Using Chemical and Biological Agents: An Assessment Framework and Preliminary Comparisons -- NEW!
-02/05/02   State and Local Preparedness for Terrorism: Policy Issues and Options
-05/08/02   Sudan: Humanitarian Crisis, Peace Talks, Terrorism, and U.S. Policy -- Updated
-01/25/02   Suits Against Terrorist States
-05/01/08   Suits Against Terrorist States by Victims of Terrorism [400 Kb] -- Updated
-12/05/06   "Terrorism" and Related Terms in Statute and Regulation: Selected Language -- Updated
-12/11/01   Terrorism and the Law of War: Trying Terrorists as War Criminals before Military Commissions Updated.
-08/31/05   Terrorism in South Asia -- Updated
-02/07/05   Terrorism in Southeast Asia -- Updated
-08/11/04   Terrorism: Key Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission and Recent Major Commissions and Inquiries -- NEW!
-12/27/01   Terrorism Preparedness: A Catalog of Federal Assistance Programs
-12/10/01   Terrorism: Section by Section Analysis of the USA PATRIOT Act Updated.
-03/26/02   Terrorism, the Future, and U.S. Foreign Policy -- Updated
-03/29/02   Terrorism: The New Occupational Hazard NEW!
-10/20/05   Terrorist Capabilities for Cyberattack: Overview and Policy Issues -- NEW!
-04/01/04   Terrorist "Dirty Bombs': A Brief Primer -- Updated
-08/03/05   Terrorist Financing: U.S. Agency Efforts and Inter-Agency Coordination -- NEW!
-04/21/04   Terrorist Identification, Screening, and Tracking Under Homeland Security Presidential Directive 6 -- NEW!
-01/24/05   Terrorist Nuclear Attacks on Seaports: Threat and Response -- Updated
-09/25/06   Terrorist Surveillance Act of 2006: S. 3931 and Title II of S. 3929, the Terrorist Tracking, Identification, and Prosecution Act of 2006 -- NEW!
-08/28/03   Terrorists and Suicide Attacks NEW!
-10/29/01   Trying Terrorists as War Criminals
-02/04/05   U.S. Anti-Terror Strategy and the 9/11 Commission Report -- Updated
-10/29/08   U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy [186 Kb] -- Updated
-09/11/08   U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy [181 Kb] -- Updated
-08/06/08   U.S. - China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy [149 Kb] -- Updated
-10/16/06   U.S.-EU Cooperation Against Terrorism -- Updated
-08/26/05   U.S. Military Operations in the Global War on Terrorism: Afghanistan, Africa, the Philippines, and Colombia -- NEW!
-03/07/02   Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Terrorist Threat

U.S. Politics and Government
-03/23/05   9/11 Commission Recommendations: The Senate Confirmation Process for Presidential Nominees -- Updated
-04/21/08   2008-2009 Presidential Transition: National Security Considerations and Options [265 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/07/05   Access to Government Information in the United States -- Updated
-01/22/01   American National Government: An Overview -- Updated
-02/07/08   Automated Political Telephone Calls ("Robo Calls") in Federal Campaigns: Overview and Policy Options [157 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/09/05   Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002: Summary and Comparison with Previous Law -- Updated
-08/04/05   Black Members of the United States Congress: 1870 - 2005 -- Updated
-09/11/08   The Budget for Fiscal Year 2009 [444 Kb] -- Updated
-06/30/08   The Budget for Fiscal Year 2009 [441 Kb] -- Updated
-05/30/08   The Budget for Fiscal Year 2009 [374 Kb] -- Updated
-03/19/08   The Budget for Fiscal Year 2009 [368 Kb] -- NEW!
-05/24/03   Budget for Fiscal Year 2004 Updated.
-01/10/03   Budget for Fiscal Year 2003 Updated.
-11/01/05   Budget Reconciliation Legislation in 2005 -- NEW!
-08/10/05   The Budget Reconciliation Process: House and Senate Procedures -- NEW!
-09/04/08   Bush Administration Policy Regarding Congressionally Originated Earmarks: An Overview [197 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/10/05   Campaign Finance: Constitutional and Legal Issues of Soft Money -- Updated
-07/17/08   Campaign Finance Law and the Constitutionality of the "Millionaire's Amendment": An Analysis of Davis v. Federal Election Commission [71 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/14/08   Campaign Finance: Legislative Developments and Policy Issues in the 110th Congress [192 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/29/09   Campaign Finance: Potential Legislative and Policy Issues for the 111th Congress
-09/20/05   Campaign Finance Reform: Regulating Political Communications on the Internet -- NEW!
-01/05/05   Campaign Financing -- Updated
-04/05/05   Changing Senate Rules: The "Constitutional" or "Nuclear" Option -- Updated
-04/14/08   Churches and Campaign Activity: Analysis Under Tax and Campaign Finance Laws [117 Kb] -- NEW!
-09/20/05   Congress and the Courts: Current Policy Issues -- NEW!
-10/22/08   Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and Refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation [73 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/15/09   Congress as a Consumer of Intelligence Information
-12/02/08   The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction
-12/08/06   The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction -- Updated
-05/16/05   Congressional Authority Over the Federal Courts -- NEW!
-01/28/04   The Congressional Budget Process: A Brief Overview -- Updated
-12/19/08   Congressional Commissions: Overview, Structure, and Legislative Considerations
-02/17/05   Congressional Gold Medals, 1776-2005 -- Updated
-03/19/08   The Congressional Research Service and the American Legislative Process [104 Kb] -- Updated
-12/06/04   Constitutionality of a Senate Filibuster of a Judicial Nomination -- Updated
-05/19/08   The Constitutionality of Requiring Photo Identification for Voting: An Analysis of Crawford v. Marion County Election Board [73 Kb] -- NEW!
-11/30/04   Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief Overview of Recent Practices -- Updated
-01/07/05   Continuity of Government: Current Federal Arrangements and the Future -- Updated
-11/08/04   Continuity of Operations (COOP) in the Executive Branch: Background and Issues for Congress -- Updated
-06/22/05   The Corporation for Public Broadcasting: Federal Funding Facts and Status -- Updated
-12/08/08   Counting Electoral Votes: An Overview of Procedures at the Joint Session, Including Objections by Members of Congress
-07/30/02   Creation of Executive Departments: Highlights from the Legislative History of Modern Precedents Updated.
-12/14/05   The Direct Recording Electronic Voting Machine (DRE) Controversy: FAQs and Misperceptions -- NEW!
-04/17/08   Director of National Intelligence Statutory Authorities: Status and Proposals [108 Kb] -- Updated
-10/25/05   Disaster Response and Appointment of a Recovery Czar: The Executive Branch's Response to the Flood of 1927 -- NEW!
-11/04/03   Election Reform and Electronic Voting Systems (DREs): Analysis of Security Issues -- NEW!
-02/07/08   Election Reform and Local Election Officials: Results of Two National Surveys [395 Kb] -- Updated
-02/04/05   Elections Reform: Overview and Issues -- Updated
-11/05/04   The Electoral College: An Overview and Analysis of Reform Proposals -- Updated
-09/28/04   The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections -- NEW!
-06/30/05   The Electoral College: Reform Proposals in the 108th Congress -- Updated
-07/02/02   Electronic Congress: Proposals and Issues Updated.
-03/29/05   Evolution of the Senate's Role in the Nomination and Confirmation Process: A Brief History -- Updated
-07/14/04   Executive Branch Power to Postpone Elections -- NEW!
-09/16/08   Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives: A Brief Overview [147 Kb] -- Updated
-07/17/02   Executive Branch Reorganizations and Management Initiatives -- Updated
-03/17/08   The Executive Office of the President: An Historical Overview [179 Kb] -- Updated
-03/17/08   The FCC's Broadcast Media Ownership Rules [159 Kb] -- NEW!
-12/10/08   The Federal Budget: Current and Upcoming Issues
-01/16/09   Federal Budget Process Reform in the 111th Congress: A Brief Overview
-01/21/09   A Federal Chief Technology Officer in the Obama Administration: Options and Issues for Consideration
-08/22/08   Federal Funding of Presidential Nominating Conventions: Overview and Policy Options [124 Kb] -- NEW!
-06/17/05   Federalism, State Sovereignty and the Constitution: Basis and Limits of Congressional Power -- Updated
-10/31/08   The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the House Floor [115 Kb] -- Updated
-12/01/04   The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the House Floor -- Updated
-10/29/08   The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the Senate Floor [70 Kb] -- Updated
-10/26/05   Flood Risk Management: Federal Role in Infrastructure -- NEW!
-08/22/08   Former Presidents: Pensions, Office Allowances, and Other Federal Benefits [133 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/25/05   Freedom of Information Act Amendments: 109th Congress -- Updated
-09/09/08   Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment [236 Kb] -- Updated
-06/16/05   Freshmen in the House of Representatives and Senate by Political Party: 1913-2005 -- Updated
-07/03/08   GAO: Government Accountability Office and General Accounting Office [187 Kb] -- Updated
-03/31/04   A Guide to Major Congressional and Presidential Awards -- Updated
-04/10/04   House Committee Organization and Process: A Brief Overview -- Updated
-04/25/05   House Select Committee on Intelligence: Leadership and Assignment Limitations -- NEW!
-01/11/05   How Measures Are Brought to the House Floor: A Brief Introduction -- Updated
-12/15/06   Incapacity of a Member of the Senate -- NEW!
-12/09/05   Judge Samuel Alito's Opinions in Freedom of Speech Cases -- NEW!
-12/31/08   Membership of the 111th Congress: A Profile
-05/20/08   Membership of the 110th Congress: A Profile [71 Kb] -- Updated
-05/31/05   Membership of the 109th Congress: A Profile -- Updated
-09/01/04   Membership of the 108th Congress: A Profile -- Updated
-02/06/09   The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment
-12/05/08   The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment
-04/21/08   The National Security Council: An Organizational Assessment -- Updated
-12/16/08   Organizing the U.S. Government for National Security: Overview of the Interagency Reform Debates
-04/18/08   Organizing the U.S. Government for National Security: Overview of the Interagency Reform Debates [133 Kb] -- NEW!
-01/07/09   An Overview of the Presidential Pardoning Power
-10/05/01   Party Leaders in the House: Election, Duties, and Responsibilities -- New!
-11/25/08   Party Leaders in the United States Congress, 1789-2009
-10/04/04   Postponement and Rescheduling of Elections to Federal Office -- NEW!
-11/26/08   The President-Elect: Succession and Disability Issues During the Transition Period
-07/16/08   Presidential Advisers' Testimony Before Congressional Committees [187 Kb] -- Updated
-03/18/08   Presidential Appointee Positions Requiring Senate Confirmation and Committees Handling Nominations [214 Kb] -- Updated
-08/21/08   Presidential Claims of Executive Privilege: History, Law, Practice and Recent Developments [241 Kb] -- Updated
-04/16/08   Presidential Claims of Executive Privilege: History, Law, Practice and Recent Developments [212 Kb] -- Updated
-11/26/08   Presidential Libraries: The Federal System and Related Legislation
-04/11/08   Presidential Nominating Process: Current Issues [102 Kb] -- Updated
-02/17/09   Presidential Records: Issues for the 111th Congress
-09/20/06   Presidential Signing Statements: Constitutional and Institutional Implications -- NEW!
-10/03/08   Presidential Succession: Perspectives, Contemporary Analysis, and 110th Congress Proposed Legislation [177 Kb] -- NEW!
-10/30/08   Presidential Transition Act: Provisions and Funding [72 Kb] -- NEW!
-04/03/08   Presidential Transitions [213 Kb] -- Updated
-02/11/08   Presidential Transitions [209 Kb] -- Updated
-11/25/08   Presidential Transitions: Issues Involving Outgoing and Incoming Administrations
-10/23/08   Presidential Transitions: Issues Involving Outgoing and Incoming Administrations [204 Kb] -- NEW!
-02/06/09   The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress
-12/24/08   The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress
-11/10/08   The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress
-01/12/09   The President's State of the Union Address: Tradition, Function, and Policy Implications
-05/24/05   Public Relations and Propaganda: Restrictions on Executive Agency Activities -- Updated
-07/26/05   Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview -- NEW!
-11/03/08   Recess Appointments Made by President George W. Bush, January 20, 2001- October 31, 2008
-10/21/04   Secret Sessions of Congress: A Brief Historical Overview -- Updated
-11/18/08   Senate Committee Party ratios: 94th-110th Congresses
-12/01/08   Senate Confirmation Process: A Brief Overview
-03/27/08   Senate Confirmation Process: A Brief Overview [56 Kb] -- Updated
-04/04/03   Senate Confirmation Process: An Overview -- Updated
-03/15/02   Soft and Hard Money in Contemporary Elections: What Federal Law Does and Does Not Regulate Updated.
-09/22/04   State Election Laws: Overview of Statutes Regarding Emergency Election Postmponement Within the State -- NEW!
-09/15/08   Submission of the President's Budget in Transition Years [69 Kb] -- Updated
-07/06/05   Supreme Court Appointment Process: Roles of the President, Judiciary Committee, and Senate -- Updated
-09/19/08   The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues [72 Kb] -- Updated
-03/07/05   Voting in the Senate: Forms and Requirements -- Updated
-06/12/08   The Voting Rights Act of 1965, As Amended: Its History and Current Issues [290 Kb] -- Updated
-03/10/08   The War Powers Resolution: After Thirty-Four Years [408 Kb] -- Updated
-06/21/05   Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2005 -- Updated

U.S. Society and Culture
-12/12/05   California's San Joaquin Valley: A Region in Transition -- NEW!
-11/17/04   Commemorative Observances: A Chronological List -- Updated
-12/13/06   FCC Media Ownership Rules: Current Status and Issues for Congress -- Updated
-04/28/08   Foreign Students in the United States: Policies and Legislation [183 Kb] -- Updated
-12/08/06   Foreign Students in the United States: Policies and Legislation -- Updated
-05/06/05   Gun Legislation in the 109th Congress -- Updated
-05/31/05   Homelessness: Recent Statistics, Targeted Federal Programs, and Recent Legislation -- Updated
-03/08/05   Journalist's Privilege to Withhold Information in Judicial and Other Proceedings: State Shield Statutes -- NEW!
-05/21/08   Memorials: Creating National, State, and Local Memorials [67 Kb] -- Updated
-01/30/08   The MS-13 and 18th Street Gangs: Emerging Transnational Gang Threats? [156 Kb] -- Updated
-01/22/09   Proposed Funding for Education in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
-12/21/06   Regulation of Broadcast Indecency: Background and Legal Analysis -- Updated
-05/11/05   Social Security Benefits for Noncitizens: Current Policy and Legislation -- Updated
-03/03/05   Social Security: Brief Facts and Statistics -- Updated
-03/23/05   Social Security Reform: Legal Analysis of Social Security Benefit Entitlement Issues -- Updated
-11/09/06   U.S. International Borders: Brief Facts -- Updated

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